Numerical simulation of pedestrian level wind conditions: effect of building shape and orientation

RANS model calibration using stochastic optimization for accuracy improvement of urban airflow CFD modeling

“…They conducted two parametric studies using wind tunnel measurement and CFD simulation, and slightly retuned the coefficients proposed by (Glover et al, 2011) and (Guillas et al, 2014). In a similar studies by (Mittal et al, 2019a(Mittal et al, , 2019b, the wind amplification factor (as the focused output parameter) at pedestrian level around high-rise buildings with different shapes and corners geometries was studied. They used wind tunnel measurement data and conducted a sensitivity study and showed that the calibrated closure coefficients by (Shirzadi et al, 2017) are suitable for prediction of flow at the wake region behind the high rise building with different corners geometry and building shapes.…”

“…In specific, 𝐶 𝜀2 , 𝐶 𝜇 , and 𝜎 𝜀 are varied in a same direction among all studies. While the default value of 𝐶 𝜀2 is 1.92 for the standard 𝑘 − 𝜀 model, the calibrated values for the street canyon (Glover et al, 2011;Guillas et al, 2014), a high-rise building with different shapes and corner geometries (Case 1 and (Mittal et al, 2019a(Mittal et al, , 2019b)), a cross-ventilated building in the sheltered condition (Case 2), and low-rise buildings in a highly-dense urban configuration (Case 3) are found to be higher than the default values, which are respectively 2.2, 2.2, 2.8, 3.2, and 3.2. For 𝐶 𝜇 , the same tendency can be observed; while the default value is 0.09, the calibrated values for the street canyon flow (Glover et al, 2011;Guillas et al, 2014), and Case 1 to Case 3 are 0.12, 0.12, 0.15, 0.14, and 0.11, respectively.…”

“…Nonetheless, there is a marginal similarity between these fundamental flows and airflow around buildings in atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). Therefore, this led to a series of research to calibrate the closure coefficients of the 𝑘 − 𝜀 model for ABL flow over a flat terrain (Duynkerke, 1988) and a complex terrain (Detering and Etling, 1985), flow around a high-rise buildings (Iqbal and Chan, 2016;Mittal et al, 2019aMittal et al, , 2019bShirzadi et al, 2017), and flow inside a street canyon (Glover et al, 2011;Guillas et al, 2014).…”

Impact of urban construction on pedestrian level wind environment in complex building group

“…The projected width at around H/3 of the super-tall buildings mostly affects the surrounding PLW. Mittal et al 22…”

Wind Conditions at Pedestrian Level in Different Types of Residential Urban Development for a High Degree of Land Use Efficiency

“…Such methods provide reliable results. At the same time, they are relatively fast and inexpensive in examining simplified systems of solids that fail to fully reflect the complexity of the actual geometric structure of the city [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Cases that involve complex, multi-element building development systems pose more difficulty and are less frequently found in the source literature [6,8,10,[19][20][21].…”