Numerical simulation of nanoparticle shape and thermal ray on a CuO/C₂H₆O₂–H₂O hybrid base nanofluid inside a porous enclosure using Darcy's law

Abstract

In this study, the physical aspects of magnetohydrodynamic flow and heat transfer of a hybrid base nanofluid in a porous medium under the effect of the shape, thermal radiation, and Lorentz force have been examined using the finite element method. Copper oxide (CuO) of various shapes was dispersed into ethylene glycol 50%‐water 50% (likewise for Fe3O4). The Darcy model is chosen because of the porous medium. The effect of changeable, diverse parameters, for example, Hartmann number (Ha), volume fraction (ϕ), radiation parameter (Rd), and buoyancy force (Ra), on the streamlines, temperature gradient, and Nusselt number are shown through contours. Outputs show that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles have a smaller temperature gradient than that of CuO nanoparticles. The Nusselt number Nuave decreases for a larger (Ha) number, but increases Nitalicuave for a larger Ra, Rd. The blade shaped nanoparticle has a larger impact on increasing Nuave compared with that of other shapes.

A numerical approach for MHD Al2O3–TiO2/H2O hybrid nanofluids over a stretching cylinder under the impact of shape factor

“…In addition, to studying and facilitate learning Runge-Kutta 5th order numerically manner, a flowchart is made ( Figure 1A). 39,42,44 It should be noted that to show the precision of the solution to the equations in this issue by the method mentioned above, the achieved outcome of this report has been compared with Omar et al, 45,46 which can be observed in Table 4. The accomplished comparison shows that the obtained consequence in this essay is highly accurate and acceptable.…”

“…T A B L E 3 Nanoparticles shape with their shape factor 29,35,42,43 Nanoparticles type Shape Shape factor Sphericity…”

A computational study of unsteady radiative magnetohydrodynamic Blasius and Sakiadis flow with leading‐edge accretion (ablation)

“…Hayat et al have presented a stagnation point flow of nanofluid influenced by nonlinear thermal radiation with entropy generation. Their results reveal that rise in radiation parameter upsurges the thermal boundary thickness, Gholinia et al have shown that for large values of radiation parameter the heat transfer rate is enhanced but opposite trend is seen with Hartmann number while investigating the finite element method for hybrid base nanofluid in porous enclosure with thermal ray, Mabood et al examined the melting and second‐order slip effects on stagnation point flow with the presence of radiation, the results describes that for large values of melting parameter the temperature profile is showing decreasing trend. In the light of earlier discussed various applications, many other researchers used the effect of linear/nonlinear thermal radiation on various and flow of Newtonian and non‐Newtonian fluid phenomena …”

Numerical treatment of magneto Carreau nanofluid over a stretching sheet considering Joule heating impact and nonlinear thermal ray

“…There are a lot of MHD applications like MHD motor, MHD generator, MEMs, chemical catalytic reactors, and polymer industry. 27 Other issues discussed in this article are hybrid nanofluids and porous media. In the following, some examples of research done on these topics are mentioned.…”