Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Jumps. Part 1: Experimental Data for Modelling Performance Assessment

Valero, Daniel; Viti, Nicolò; Gualtieri, Carlo

doi:10.3390/w11010036

Cited by 33 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(110 reference statements)

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“…Hydraulic jumps have been traditionally studied mainly by means of experimental modeling, with some limited contributions from analytical studies (see Part 1 of this study [3]). In the past twenty years, numerical research activity has experienced a large burst in terms of quantity and quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditionally, hydraulic jumps have been widely studied experimentally, as depicted in Part 1 of this study. As proposed in Part 1 [3], hydraulic jumps arise as an adequate workbench for numerical modeling performance with both mean and turbulent variables largely reported in the literature. While numerical modeling allows easy access to the complete flow field, deviations from reality may occur (note the aeration differences observable in Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Jumps. Part 2: Recent Results and Future Outlook

Viti

Valero

Gualtieri

2018

Water

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During the past two decades, hydraulic jumps have been investigated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The second part of this two-part study is devoted to the state-of-the-art of the numerical simulation of the hydraulic jump. First, the most widely-used CFD approaches, namely the Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS), the Large Eddy Simulation (LES), the Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS), the hybrid RANS-LES method Detached Eddy Simulation (DES), as well as the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), are introduced pointing out their main characteristics also in the context of the best practices for CFD modeling of environmental flows. Second, the literature on numerical simulations of the hydraulic jump is presented and discussed. It was observed that the RANS modeling approach is able to provide accurate results for the mean flow variables, while high-fidelity methods, such as LES and DES, can properly reproduce turbulence quantities of the hydraulic jump. Although computationally very expensive, the first DNS on the hydraulic jump led to important findings about the structure of the hydraulic jump and scale effects. Similarly, application of the Lagrangian meshless SPH method provided interesting results, notwithstanding the lower research activity. At the end, despite the promising results still available, it is expected that with the increase in the computational capabilities, the RANS-based numerical studies of the hydraulic jump will approach the prototype scale problems, which are of great relevance for hydraulic engineers, while the application at this scale of the most advanced tools, such as LES and DNS, is still beyond expectations for the foreseeable future. Knowledge of the uncertainty associated with RANS modeling may allow the careful design of new hydraulic structures through the available CFD tools.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Jumps. Part 2: Recent Results and Future Outlook

Viti

Valero

Gualtieri

2018

Water

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“…Furthermore, areas where flow is not expected were cropped in the meshing process to increase the efficiency of the simulation without affecting the results ( Figure 2).   (10) where is the cross-sectional area per unit volume of the dispersed phase (i.e., air), is a drag coefficient defined by the user, being 0.5 the general default value for spheres, is the magnitude of the relative/slip velocity,  the water dynamic viscosity and the average particle radius. Furthermore, the minimum and maximum volume fraction values for water were established as 0.1 and 1, respectively, allowing gas to escape at the free surface.…”

Section: Meshing and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Flow in a Typified USBR II Stilling Basin through a Numerical and Physical Modeling Approach

Macián-Pérez

García-Bartual

Huber

et al. 2020

Water

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Adaptation of stilling basins to higher discharges than those considered for their design implies deep knowledge of the flow developed in these structures. To this end, the hydraulic jump occurring in a typified United States Bureau of Reclamation Type II (USBR II) stilling basin was analyzed using a numerical and experimental modeling approach. A reduced-scale physical model to conduct an experimental campaign was built and a numerical computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was prepared to carry out the corresponding simulations. Both models were able to successfully reproduce the case study in terms of hydraulic jump shape, velocity profiles, and pressure distributions. The analysis revealed not only similarities to the flow in classical hydraulic jumps but also the influence of the energy dissipation devices existing in the stilling basin, all in good agreement with bibliographical information, despite some slight differences. Furthermore, the void fraction distribution was analyzed, showing satisfactory performance of the physical model, although the numerical approach presented some limitations to adequately represent the flow aeration mechanisms, which are discussed herein. Overall, the presented modeling approach can be considered as a useful tool to address the analysis of free surface flows occurring in stilling basins.

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“…The RNG k-ε turbulence model is found to be superior to other turbulence models and is used for the free-surface flow simulations [37,38]. A recent review of modeling techniques related to water-air flows in hydraulic jumps is made by Valero et al [39] and Viti et al [40].…”

Section: Sources Of Errors In Cfdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Past and Present of Discharge Capacity Modeling for Spillways—A Swedish Perspective

Yang

Andreasson

Teng

et al. 2019

Fluids

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Most of the hydropower dams in Sweden were built before 1980. The present dam-safety guidelines have resulted in higher design floods than their spillway discharge capacity and the need for structural upgrades. This has led to renewed laboratory model tests. For some dams, even computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are performed. This provides the possibility to compare the spillway discharge data between the model tests performed a few decades apart. The paper presents the hydropower development, the needs for the ongoing dam rehabilitations and the history of physical hydraulic modeling in Sweden. More than 20 spillways, both surface and bottom types, are analyzed to evaluate their discharge modeling accuracy. The past and present model tests are compared with each other and with the CFD results if available. Discrepancies do exist in the discharges between the model tests made a few decades apart. The differences fall within the range −8.3%-+11.2%. The reasons for the discrepancies are sought from several aspects. The primary source of the errors is seemingly the model construction quality and flow measurement method. The machine milling technique and 3D printing reduce the source of construction errors and improve the model quality. Results of the CFD simulations differ, at the maximum, by 3.8% from the physical tests. They are conducted without knowledge of the physical model results in advance. Following the best practice guidelines, CFD should generate results of decent accuracy for discharge prediction.

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Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Jumps. Part 1: Experimental Data for Modelling Performance Assessment

Cited by 33 publications

References 87 publications

Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Jumps. Part 2: Recent Results and Future Outlook

Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic Jumps. Part 2: Recent Results and Future Outlook

Analysis of the Flow in a Typified USBR II Stilling Basin through a Numerical and Physical Modeling Approach

The Past and Present of Discharge Capacity Modeling for Spillways—A Swedish Perspective

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