Numerical simulation for growing Large-scale and High-quality Zinc germanium phosphide crystals

Hao, Shuwei; Fu, Hao; Shang, Yunfei; Artemyev, Vladimir; Smirnov, Andrey; Zhu, Chongqiang; Lei, Zuotao; Zhao, Lili; Yang, Chunhui

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2021.126354

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…[4,5] On a large scale, however, it is not possible to completely flatten the s/l interface just by manipulating these factors. [6][7][8] For controlling the buoyancy-induced melt flow pattern near the crystallization front, two basic approaches were proposed in DOI: 10.1002/crat.202100251 the literature: 1) the reduction of buoyancy convection and 2) introducing forced convection. Adding a steady submerged heater or baffle to VB furnaces were proposed in [9,10] to suppress the buoyancy-driven flow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interface Shape under the Insulating Baffle in Vertical Bridgman Systems

Dropka

Ostrogorsky

2022

Crystal Research and Technology

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In the vertical Bridgman (VB) configuration, the shape of the solid–liquid (s/l) interface controls the yield and quality of single crystals. The two key effects for growing CdTe in VB configuration with the baffle is are considered: i) the thermal conductivity of the baffle and 2) baffle/crystal rotation. The baffle has a dominating effect on heat transfer to the s/l interface. The low thermal conductivity baffle (λ = 0.3 W m‐K−1) shields the s/l interface from the hot zones of the furnace above the baffle, so that the furnace temperature has to be increased, thus enforcing convex interface. The insulating baffle is expected to be particularly useful for growth of low conductivity crystals such as CdTe or CZT because heat conduction through the crystal is slow. The flow driven by the rotating crystal (i.e., ampoule) makes the interface less convex. By rotating the crystal relative to the baffle, the undesirable, unsteady natural convection can be made negligible compared to forced convection, thus providing steady laminar flow at the s/l interface.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 4,5 ] On a large scale, however, it is not possible to completely flatten the s/l interface just by manipulating these factors. [ 6–8 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface Shape under the Insulating Baffle in Vertical Bridgman Systems

Dropka

Ostrogorsky

2022

Crystal Research and Technology

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Investigation on the dislocation, thermal and mechanical properties, and crystal growth stress of Zr:GdTaO4 scintillator

et al. 2023

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Intense infrared lasers for strong-field science

Chang

Fedorov

et al. 2022

Adv. Opt. Photon.

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The advent of chirped-pulse amplification in the 1980s and femtosecond Ti:sapphire lasers in the 1990s enabled transformative advances in intense laser–matter interaction physics. Whereas most of experiments have been conducted in the limited near-infrared range of 0.8–1 μm, theories predict that many physical phenomena such as high harmonic generation in gases favor long laser wavelengths in terms of extending the high-energy cutoff. Significant progress has been made in developing few-cycle, carrier-envelope phase-stabilized, high-peak-power lasers in the 1.6–2 μm range that has laid the foundation for attosecond X ray sources in the water window. Even longer wavelength lasers are becoming available that are suitable to study light filamentation, high harmonic generation, and laser–plasma interaction in the relativistic regime. Long-wavelength lasers are suitable for sub-bandgap strong-field excitation of a wide range of solid materials, including semiconductors. In the strong-field limit, bulk crystals also produce high-order harmonics. In this review, we first introduce several important wavelength scaling laws in strong-field physics, then describe recent breakthroughs in short- (1.4–3 μm), mid- (3–8 μm), and long-wave (8–15 μm) infrared laser technology, and finally provide examples of strong-field applications of these novel lasers. Some of the broadband ultrafast infrared lasers will have profound effects on medicine, environmental protection, and national defense, because their wavelengths cover the water absorption band, the molecular fingerprint region, as well as the atmospheric infrared transparent window.

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Numerical simulation for growing Large-scale and High-quality Zinc germanium phosphide crystals

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Interface Shape under the Insulating Baffle in Vertical Bridgman Systems

Interface Shape under the Insulating Baffle in Vertical Bridgman Systems

Investigation on the dislocation, thermal and mechanical properties, and crystal growth stress of Zr:GdTaO4 scintillator

Intense infrared lasers for strong-field science

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