Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study of an Ultrasonic Waveguide for Ultrasonic Casting of 35CrMo Steel

Liang, Gen; Chen, Shi; Zhou, Yajun; Mao, Daheng

doi:10.1016/s1006-706x(16)30119-4

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The cavitation bubbles absorb large amounts of heat from the steel melt around the bubble wall during the process of expansion. This process results in the under cooling of the melt temperature of the micro zone [15]. The driving force of liquid metal crystallization is [17]: We can obtain from (1), (2) and (3):…”

Section: Results Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In literature [14], the researcher found the T-shaped ultrasonic waveguide unit could avoid the corrosion of the high-temperature melt. In literature [15], researchers optimized the structure and length of the ultrasonic waveguide unit. In this paper, effects of different power ultrasonic on microstructure and mechanical properties of 35CrMo steel casting were investigated, the self-developed T type ultrasonic guide device was adopted to introduce ultrasonic into steel melt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Ultrasonic Melt Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 35CrMo Steel Casting

Chen

Liang

et al. 2018

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Abstract. Effects of different power ultrasonic on microstructure and mechanical properties of 35CrMo steel casting were investigated using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and hardness testing. A self-developed experiment apparatus was used for the propagation of ultrasonic vibration into the 35CrMo steel melt to carry out ultrasonic treatment. The experimental results showed that compared to the traditional casting, ultrasonic treatment can obviously change the solidification microstructure of 35CrMo steel, which is changed from coarse dendrites to fined dendrites or equiaxed grains. With the increase of ultrasonic power, equiaxed crystal is remarkably refined and its area is broadened. The micro porosity percentage of ingot casting decreases significantly and the porosity defects can be suppressed under ultrasonic treatment. The mechanical properties of 35CrMo steel ingot after heat treatment were enhanced by ultrasonic treatment: the maximum tensile strength is improved by 8.4% and the maximum elongation increased by 1.5 times. IntroductionThe traditional methods of casting to produce large size ingots are easy to produce macro and micro defects such as coarse grains, composition segregation and porosity. The microstructure of ingots could not be controlled precisely. Ultrasonic assisted casting is a new type of solidification method developed for the manufacture of high performance aluminum and magnesium alloys recently. Ultrasonic energy is used to control the grain shape, grain orientation and precipitate state in the solidification process of light alloy. According to the literature [1] and literature [2], scientists found that the solidification process of AZ91 magnesium alloy could be refined obviously by introducing ultrasonic wave in the casting processing. The microstructure of 7050 and 7085 aluminum alloy could be refined and the second phase could be ameliorated by ultrasonic treatment. Literature [3][4] reported the possible use of ultrasonic for the degassing of aluminum alloy melt. Literature [5] studied that the microstructure of Al-Si alloy was refined by high intensity ultrasonic and the Si phase distributed more evenly. Literature [6] reported that mechanical properties of AlSi9Cu3 alloy was enhanced by ultrasonic melt treatment.However, most of the researches on ultrasonic processing technology focused on the nonferrous metals, or the technology of ultrasonic treatment could only be used to deal with small size steel

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Section: Results Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ultrasonic Melt Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 35CrMo Steel Casting

Chen

Liang

et al. 2018

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…The ultrasonic casting apparatus (self-research and development) used in this study are illustrated in Figure 2. A T-shaped ultrasonic waveguide unit has been discussed in detail in previous work [11]. Ultrasonic treatment was applied using a metallurgical generator (Weihai Guosheng Sonictech Co., Ltd, Weihai, China), of which the input power was 0-400 W, the resonance frequency was 20 ± 2 kHz, and the amplitude of vibrations was 10 µm (measured in air on an ultrasonic horn (Polytec Gmbh, Berlin, Germany) with a vibrometer).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ultrasonic Treatment on the Solidification Microstructure of Die-Cast 35CrMo Steel

Liang

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2016

Metals

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Abstract:The effects of ultrasonic treatment (UST) on the solidification microstructure of a 35CrMo steel cast ingot were investigated. To avoid the erosion of a high-temperature melt, a T-shaped ultrasonic waveguide unit was used to introduce ultrasonic vibrations into a 35CrMo steel die casting melt. The experimental results show that the microstructure of the ingot was refined by ultrasonic treatment. While the microstructure of untreated 35CrMo steel is coarse dendritic grains, after the introduction of ultrasonic treatment, the solidification microstructure transforms from coarse dendritic to equiaxed grains, and the dendrites are also refined. Samples from different positions of the ingots were subjected to different ultrasonic effects, and the effects on grain refinement also varied due to the severe attenuation of the ultrasound in the melt. The mechanisms of grain refinement using ultrasonic treatment for 35CrMo steel melt are presented.

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“…At present, the research on FHRS mainly focuses on its microstructure, precipitates or mechanical properties after heat treatment or forging [7][8][9], but its solidification process has been paid little attention. In previous studies, the chemical distribution and solidification process were mainly investigated by dissecting the casting [10][11][12] or by numerical simulation [13][14][15], due to the large size of FHRS castings. Dissecting the heavy castings is not cost-effective and will cost a lot in human resources and time.…”

Section: Of 13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Simulation Study on the Solidification Structure and Segregation of a Heavy Heat-Resistant Steel Casting

Wang

Zhong

et al. 2019

Metals

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The prediction and controlling of the solidification structure and macro-segregation in heavy steel casting, which is usually produced in limited quantities, was a conundrum in the foundry field. In this work, the cooling and solidification processes of a 16 t CB2 ferritic heat-resistant steel (FHRS) valve casting were reproduced by studying the solidification behavior of three typical units through a thermal simulation method. The results indicate that the types of casting without chilling have the most uneven distribution of solutes and hardness, while those types of casting in which parts are solidified by chilling are much more uniform. The macro-segregation degrees of B, C, Nb, P, Cr, Mo, Si, V and Mn decrease gradually during heavy casting of CB2 ferritic heat-resistant steel. Of them, B, C, Nb, and P are solutes prone to segregation, and the maximum macro-segregation index of B can even reach 15. The macro-segregation tendencies of Cr, Mo, Si, V, and Mn are relatively small. Further studies on the last solidification portion of samples taken by electron microprobe reveal that large-sized precipitates such as MnS and NbxC are easily formed due to solute enrichment, and the sizes of these precipitates were distributed from dozens to hundreds of micrometers.

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Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study of an Ultrasonic Waveguide for Ultrasonic Casting of 35CrMo Steel

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of Ultrasonic Melt Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 35CrMo Steel Casting

Effect of Ultrasonic Melt Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 35CrMo Steel Casting

Effect of Ultrasonic Treatment on the Solidification Microstructure of Die-Cast 35CrMo Steel

Thermal Simulation Study on the Solidification Structure and Segregation of a Heavy Heat-Resistant Steel Casting

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