Numerical predictions on the influences of the air blast velocity, initial bed porosity and bed height on the shape and size of raceway zone in a blast furnace

Mondal, Subha; Som, S. K.; Dash, Sanjit Kumar

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/38/8/030

Cited by 45 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…1(c). [67][68][69][70][71] The burden velocity distribution was calculated firstly without considering the heat and energy transfer. The results of burden velocity were then loaded in the simulation with consideration of all the transfers and reactions.…”

Section: Model Establishmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Effects of Different Blast Parameters on the Gas and Burden Distribution Characteristics Inside Blast Furnace

et al. 2020

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Blast parameters are easy to be changed and are often applied to control the gas distribution in blast furnace. However, the effects of blast parameters on the gas and solid distribution characteristics were seldom investigated. Therefore, a 3D model considering gas and solid fluid phases is developed and used to analyze effects of blast parameters on the gas and solid distributions in the blast furnace B of Baiyi Steel. The results show that the gas temperature increases a little in the lower part while decreases in the middle and top parts of blast furnace when the oxygen enrichment ratio and blast temperature increase. The CO utilization ratio increases with the increase of oxygen enrichment ratio, humidified blast amount and blast temperature, and it increases most for the case of blast temperature. The metallization ratio at the bottom of the blast furnace increases with the increase of oxygen enrichment ratio and humidified blast amount while it decreases with the increase of gas temperature.

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Section: Model Establishmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Effects of Different Blast Parameters on the Gas and Burden Distribution Characteristics Inside Blast Furnace

et al. 2020

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“…71) on an empirical equation must be used to determine the raceway boundary. Instead, Mondal et al 36) attempted to obtain the raceway geometry directly by using a two-fluid model coupled with the kinetic theory of granular flow. Unfortunately, detailed information, such as the solid velocity and porosity distribution, was not provided in their study.…”

Section: Tfm Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of Multiphase Flow in a Blast Furnace: Recent Developments and Future Work

et al. 2007

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An ironmaking blast furnace is a complex multiphase flow reactor involving gas, powder, liquid and solid phases. Understanding the flow behaviour of these phases is of paramount importance to the control and optimization of the process. Mathematical modelling, often coupled with physical modelling, plays an important role in this development. Yagi 1) gave a comprehensive review of the early studies in this area in 1993. Significant progress has since been made, partially driven by the needs in research but mainly as a result of the rapid development of computer and computational technologies. This paper reviews these developments, covering the formulation, validation and application of mathematical models for gas-solid, gas-liquid, gas-powder and multiphase flows. The need for further developments is also discussed.KEY WORDS: ironmaking; blast furnace; multiphase flow; two fluid model; discrete element method. Review development. Mathematical ModellingGenerally speaking, the existing approaches to modelling the multiphase flow in a BF can be classified into two categories: continuum approach at a macroscopic level and discrete approach at a microscopic level. In the continuum approach, phases are generally considered as fully interpenetrating continuum media and described by separate conservation equations with appropriate constitutive relations and interaction terms representing the coupling between phases. The general governing equations are based on the so-called two fluid model (TFM), originally developed for gas-particle flow, [29][30][31] given by:Conservation The so-called Model A and Model B result from the treatment of the fluid pressure. For example, for gas-solid flow, Model A assumes the pressure is shared between the two phases, while in Model B, the pressure is attributed to gas phase only. 31) Model A formulation has been widely used in multiphase modelling, especially in process metallurgy. Model B formulation was recently used in the so called combined continuum and discrete method for coupled flow of continuum fluid and discrete particles. 32) The continuum approach is suitable for process modelling and applied research because of its computational convenience and efficiency. Indeed, most of the BF modelling is based on this approach. However, its effective use heavily depends on constitutive or closure relations and the momentum exchange between phases. For Newtonian fluids (gas and liquid here), these relations can be readily determined. For non-Newtonian fluids such as solids and powder, general theories are not yet available. In the past, various theories have been devised for different flow regimes (three flow regimes have been identified: quasi-static regime, rapid flow regime and a transitional regime that lies inbetween). For example, models have been proposed to derive the constitutive equations for the rate-independent deformation of granular materials based on either the plasticity theory or the double shearing theory; the rapid flow of granular materials has been described by extend...

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“…Similarly, assuming the shape as a sphere [27,28] , numerical studies was conducted on the basis of mass and momentum balance to predict the raceway size. More recently, Mondal et al [29] , using a two phase Eulerian-Eulerian model, investigated the impact of coke bed and wind rates on the raceway shape and size. It has been recognized for many years that other blast furnace operation factors, such as the cohesive zone, cast practice and burden distribution also play an important role in the raceway shape, size and position.…”

Section: Existing Cfd Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling for High Rate Pulverized Coal Injection (PCI) into the Blast Furnace

Zhou¹

2008

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Numerical predictions on the influences of the air blast velocity, initial bed porosity and bed height on the shape and size of raceway zone in a blast furnace

Cited by 45 publications

References 29 publications

Numerical Analysis of Effects of Different Blast Parameters on the Gas and Burden Distribution Characteristics Inside Blast Furnace

Numerical Analysis of Effects of Different Blast Parameters on the Gas and Burden Distribution Characteristics Inside Blast Furnace

Modelling of Multiphase Flow in a Blast Furnace: Recent Developments and Future Work

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling for High Rate Pulverized Coal Injection (PCI) into the Blast Furnace

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