Numerical Modelling of Formation of Highly Ordered Structured Micro- and Nanoparticles – A Review

Abstract

The aerosol particles play a significant role in the environment and human health. They are also increasingly used in medicine (drug carriers), preparation (nanocatalysts) and many other fields. For these applications, the particles have to possess unique properties which arise directly from their structure and topology. Indeed, the functionality of the nanostructure particle is defined through its application, like chromatography, sensors, microelectronics, catalysis, and others. That is the reason why people are more and more interested in manufacturing structured particles. The structured particles are the particles with well-defined topological structure. Examples of such particles are porous particles, hollow particles (with the empty space inside), or multi-component particles with the segregation of components in the particle structure. Such particles usually have very interesting features, e.g. porous particles have a significantly larger surface area than the simple spherical particles with similar volume. The present paper contains a comprehensive review of the numerical simulation methods of the formation of highly ordered structured particles. The most important methods will be described in detail and their fields of application (with specific examples), advantages, limitations and information about their accuracy will be given.

Mechanistic Formulation Design of Spray-Dried Powders

“…(2) that the size distribution of the dried particles is strongly influenced by the atomized droplet distribution, with weaker sensitivity to the other variables, such as the commonly unknown particle density for which only a rough estimate is required due to the sixth root dependence. This relatively simple but practical equation does not describe the internal distribution of different components and does not consider their instants of solidification, for which the diffusion equations inside the evaporating droplets need to be solved (Gac, 2022).…”

Review on Theoretical Models of Void Evolution in Crystalline Particles

“…By now several excellent overviews [74][75][76][77][78] summarizing the results of theoretical analysis of void evolution kinetics in hollow particles are available. However, these reviews do not include the state-of-the-art models of void evolution in hollow particles.…”