Numerical modeling on the relationship between thermal uplift and subsequent rapid subsidence: Discussions on the evolution of the Tainan Basin

Shi, Xun; Xu, H.; Qiu, Xuelin; Xia, Kanyuan; Yang, Xiaoqiu; Li, Yamin

doi:10.1029/2007tc002163

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(122 reference statements)

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“…[] and Teng and Lin [], now forming the Hsuehshan Range (Figure ). During the late Oligocene to late Miocene, several extensional events further affected the outer shelf and necking zone areas to various degrees, resulting in an array of roughly east northeast striking extensional faults and development of the Tainan Basin [ Yang et al ., ; Lee et al ., ; Lin et al ., ; Lin et al ., ; Ding et al ., ; Shi et al ., ; Tang and Zheng , ; Yang et al ., ]. Reactivation of the east northeast striking faults of the Tainan Basin is having a widespread, variable effect on the fold‐and‐thrust belt in southwestern Taiwan [e.g., Suppe , ; Rodriguez‐Roa and Wiltschko , ; Alvarez‐Marron et al ., ; Yang et al ., , ], and it is here that we focus our investigation to test the hypothesis of along‐strike changes caused by inheritance of structures from the margin.…”

Section: Background: the Southeastern Eurasian Margin And The Taiwan mentioning

confidence: 99%

How the structural architecture of the Eurasian continental margin affects the structure, seismicity, and topography of the south central Taiwan fold‐and‐thrust belt

et al. 2017

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Studies of mountain belts worldwide show that along‐strike changes are common in their foreland fold‐and‐thrust belts. These are typically caused by processes related to fault reactivation and/or fault focusing along changes in sedimentary sequences. The study of active orogens, like Taiwan, can also provide insights into how these processes influence transient features such as seismicity and topography. In this paper, we trace regional‐scale features from the Eurasian continental margin in the Taiwan Strait into the south central Taiwan fold‐and‐thrust belt. We then present newly mapped surface geology, P wave velocity maps and sections, seismicity, and topography data to test the hypothesis of whether or not these regional‐scale features of the margin are contributing to along‐strike changes in structural style, and the distribution of seismicity and topography in this part of the Taiwan fold‐and‐thrust belt. These data show that the most important along‐strike change takes place at the eastward prolongation of the upper part of the margin necking zone, where there is a causal link between fault reactivation, involvement of basement in the thrusting, concentration of seismicity, and the formation of high topography. On the area correlated with the necking zone, the strike‐slip reactivation of east northeast striking extensional faults is causing sigmoidal offset of structures and topography along two main zones. Here basement is not involved in the thrusting; there is weak focusing of seismicity and localized development of topography. We also show that there are important differences in structure, seismicity, and topography between the margin shelf and its necking zone.

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Section: Background: the Southeastern Eurasian Margin And The Taiwan mentioning

confidence: 99%

How the structural architecture of the Eurasian continental margin affects the structure, seismicity, and topography of the south central Taiwan fold‐and‐thrust belt

et al. 2017

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“…We use a structural and thermal coupled kinematic numerical model modified from the numerical model of Shi et al . () to explain the area of anomalous tectonic subsidence and high heat flow, considering the close relationship between tectonic subsidence and the thermal process. Shi et al .…”

Section: Numerical Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shi et al . () used a model in which the thermal evolution of basin‐ and lithosphere‐scale processes were decoupled, and the temperature at the upper boundary of the lithospheric thermal field was set to be equal to the bottom temperature of the sediment column, which was approximated by assuming an appropriate constant geothermal gradient. This numerical model could be resolved simultaneously for basin‐scale processes (e.g.…”

Section: Numerical Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vertical velocity is given as defined previously (Shi et al ., )

v false(x, z, t false) = \frac{\partial z}{\partial t} = G false(x, t false) false(z_{neck} - z false)

…”

Section: Numerical Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We use a structural and thermal coupled kinematic numerical model modified from the numerical model of Shi et al (2008) to explain the area of anomalous tectonic subsidence and high heat flow, considering the close relationship between tectonic subsidence and the thermal process. Shi et al (2008) used a model in which the thermal evolution of basin-and lithosphere-scale processes were decoupled, and the temperature at the upper boundary of the lithospheric thermal field was set to be equal to the bottom temperature of the sediment column, which was approximated by assuming an appropriate constant geothermal gradient. This numerical model could be resolved simultaneously for basin-scale processes (e.g.…”

Section: Numerical Experiments Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Models of the rapid post‐rift subsidence in the eastern Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea: implications for the development of the deep thermal anomaly

et al. 2016

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The Qiongdongnan Basin is one of the largest Cenozoic rifted basins on the northern passive margin of the South China Sea. It is well known that since the Late Miocene, approximately 10 Ma after the end of the syn-rift phase, this basin has exhibited rapid thermal subsidence. However, detailed analysis reveals a two-stage anomalous subsidence feature of the syn-rift subsidence deficit and the wellknown rapid post-rift subsidence after 10.5 Ma. Heat-flow data show that heat flow in the central depression zone is 70-105 mW m À2, considerably higher than the heat flow (<70 mW m À2 ) on the northern shelf. In particular, there is a NE-trending high heat-flow zone of >85 mW m À2 in the eastern basin. We used a numerical model of coupled geothermal processes, lithosphere thinning and depositional processes to analyse the origin of the anomalous subsidence pattern. Numerical analysis of different cases shows that the stretching factor b s based on syn-rift sequences is less than the observed crustal stretching factor b c , and if the lithosphere is thinned with b c during the syn-rift phase (before 21 Ma), the present basement depth can be predicted fairly accurately. Further analysis does not support crustal thinning after 21 Ma, which indicates that the syn-rift subsidence is in deficit compared with the predicted subsidence with the crustal stretching factor b c . The observed high heat flow in the central depression zone is caused by the heating of magmatic injection equivalently at approximately 3-5 Ma, which affected the eastern basin more than the western basin, and the Neogene magmatism might be fed by the deep thermal anomaly. Our results suggest that the causes of the syn-rift subsidence deficit and rapid post-rift subsidence might be related. The syn-rift subsidence deficit might be caused by the dynamic support of the influx of warmer asthenosphere material and a small-scale thermal upwelling beneath the study area, which might have been persisting for about 10 Ma during the early post-rift phase, and the post-rift rapid subsidence might be the result of losing the dynamic support with the decaying or moving away of the deep thermal source, and the rapid cooling of the asthenosphere. We concluded that the excess post-rift subsidence occurs to compensate for the syn-rift subsidence deficit, and the deep thermal anomaly might have affected the eastern Qiongdongnan Basin since the Late Oligocene.

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Eastern South China Sea Basin Expansion Numerical Simulation

Song

et al. 2011

Chinese J of Geophysics

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The formation and evolution of South China Sea has been one of the hot spot of attention at home and abroad. The expansion of the South China Sea happened in early Oligocene‐early Miocene, and the expansion of South China Sea includes ridge transition once at least. This paper uses a model of rising divergent mantle flow and convection coupling to simulate the expansion of eastern sea basin of the South China Sea, the ridge jump, and the process of lithosphere thermal structure evolution and melting of magma after expansion. Numerical simulation results indicate that a ridge jump is an important process of the South China Sea expansion. Ridge jump forms a magma chamber between the two ridges, and the existence of the magma chamber makes the submarine volcanoes relatively more and the terrain relatively high between the ridges. At the same time, it also leads to the terrain of both sides of south side ridge and the distribution of submarine volcano asymmetric, which in turn can demonstrate the reasonability of ridge jump model.

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Numerical modeling on the relationship between thermal uplift and subsequent rapid subsidence: Discussions on the evolution of the Tainan Basin

Cited by 13 publications

References 71 publications

How the structural architecture of the Eurasian continental margin affects the structure, seismicity, and topography of the south central Taiwan fold‐and‐thrust belt

How the structural architecture of the Eurasian continental margin affects the structure, seismicity, and topography of the south central Taiwan fold‐and‐thrust belt

Models of the rapid post‐rift subsidence in the eastern Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea: implications for the development of the deep thermal anomaly

Eastern South China Sea Basin Expansion Numerical Simulation

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