Numerical Modeling of NO Formation in Laminar Bunsen Flames—A Flamelet Approach

Chou, C.-P.; Chen, Jyh-Yuan; Yam, Clement; Marx, K.D.

doi:10.1016/s0010-2180(97)00317-9

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The gas compositions of these two flames are provided in Table 2. Flame L1 burned with a central premixed cone (tip height $80 mm) surrounded by a stratified post-oxidation region (Bunsen type flame), where a methane-counterpart was investigated by Chou et al [24]. Flame L2, having a richer jet mixture, did not exhibit an inner premixed reaction zone and, therefore, provides a flame structure more typical of non-premixed flames, with a single reaction zone near the stoichiometric condition.…”

Section: Flame Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman/Rayleigh scattering and CO-LIF measurements in laminar and turbulent jet flames of dimethyl ether

Fuest

Barlow

Chen

et al. 2012

Combustion and Flame

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To reduce the impact of combustion of fossil fuels on air quality and climate change, dimethyl ether (DME) is a promising alternative diesel fuel candidate. Technical combustion processes, including formation of pollutants, are influenced by turbulence-chemistry interaction. Therefore, accurate prediction by computational combustion models of combustion systems burning DME must account for multiple scalars and scalar gradients. The testing of such models requires detailed experiments. Here a study is presented on the feasibility of simultaneous species and temperature measurements in turbulent dimethyl ether flames, using line-imaged Raman/Rayleigh scattering of the major species H 2 , O 2 , N 2 , CO, CO 2 , H 2 O, C 2 H 6 O and laser induced fluorescence of CO. The measurement system and data evaluation methods developed to investigate methane-air flames are extended to address dimethyl ether flames. The Raman signal intensity and spectral shape of the Raman scattering from dimethyl ether over a range of temperatures are presented, based on measurements in electrically heated flows and laminar jet flames. These data are used to develop an iterative method for data evaluation that allows determination of indispensable crosstalk correction terms for the concentration measurements of O 2 and CO 2. Issues of fluorescence interferences, mainly from C 2 radicals on the fuel-rich side of the reaction zone, and their corrections are discussed. Laminar flame calculations are used to investigate the role of the intermediate species (CH 4 , CH 2 O, C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 2 , C 2 H 6 , CH 3) in the reaction zone. In particular, their effect on the mixture fraction calculation and its relationship to the experimentally determined mixture fraction is examined. The impact of the intermediate species on deviations in concentration and temperature profiles due to species-specific Raman-and Rayleigh scattering cross-sections is demonstrated. Finally, species concentrations and temperature profiles from measurements in a turbulent piloted jet flame of dimethyl ether are shown.

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Section: Flame Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman/Rayleigh scattering and CO-LIF measurements in laminar and turbulent jet flames of dimethyl ether

Fuest

Barlow

Chen

et al. 2012

Combustion and Flame

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“…Meunier et al [20] carried experimental and numerical study on formation and destruction NO in x propane diffusion flames using three different mechanisms for NO prediction and concluded that Prompt mechanism x in dominant when compared to thermal mechanism. Chenpang-chou et al [21] studied NO formation in laminar x Bunsen flames using extended Zeldovich mechanism and validated their predictions. Thus, there exist a substantial validation for the one step kinetics of methane combustion in the literature.…”

Section: A Validation Of Reaction Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation Of Diluent Effect On NOx Emission In A X Turbulent Premixed Methane Flames

Subramani¹,

Ambedkar²,

Babu³

2008

Int. Jour. Appl. Bio-Eng.

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The stringent requirement to reduce the NO from various combustion devices while maintaining the combustor x performance is of paramount motivation for the current study. Partially premixing, fuel blends and fuel diluents represents promising approaches for reducing NO from flames. A detailed two dimensional, transient numerical study on the later aspect of fuel diluents x (helium) to reduce the NO emission in a back ward facing step geometry has been carried out using CFX 5.7. The equivalence ratio x has been varied from 0.85-1, to study the effect of excess air on NO emission. The methane flame is simulated using Eddy break-up x model with Zeldovich thermal mechanism for NO formation and the turbulence model is w-RSS (Reynolds Shear Stress). The x simulation results indicate that considerable reduction in NO emission and increase in flame stability can be achieved for a x predetermined addition of inert in to the fuel air mixture.

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“…Therefore, currently more and more scholars have turned to studying solid fuel reburning and have found that it is more promising than gas reburning in denitration [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. In the combustion process, mechanisms of the formation and reduction of NOx are extremely crucial and have been studied extensively [15][16][17][18][19]. Julien Cances [20] conducted experiments and modelling with four major solid fuels to identify the difference in the contributions of volatile matters and char to the NOx reduction, and found that for a short initial residence time, volatiles contribute more to the NOx reduction than char, and that after the short initial residence time, char contributes more.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation Research on the Process of Reburning South American Coal and Cornstalk

et al. 2015

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Photo-chemical smog and acid rain formed from many pollutants including NOx are serious problems that have attracted much attention due to their negative influences on the atmosphere, plants, animals and even building materials. Effective measures of controlling NOx emissions are necessary. In this study, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, Ansys Fluent 14.5, has been applied to research the processes of South American coal (SAm) reburning and cornstalk reburning. The influences of reburn zone excess air coefficient, reburning fuel fraction (Rff) and the secondary air temperature on the furnace combustion and NOx reduction have been determined. Results show that, in the simulated data range, the lower reburn zone excess air coefficient, the greater the rate of denitration for both SAm reburning and cornstalk reburning. The highest rates of denitration for SAm reburning and cornstalk reburning were 56.15% and 66.89%, respectively, in comparison to the conventional combustion. The denitration rate increases OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2015, 8 9435with the increase of reburning fuel fraction. However, when the reburning fuel fraction increases beyond a certain level, fuels within the furnace will undergo incomplete combustion. Under the premise of the fuel burnout, a relatively good case occurs at the reburning fuel fraction of 20% for the two kinds of reburning, and the NOx removal rate is 60.57% for cornstalk reburning, which is 7.61% higher than that of the SAm reburning. Temperature also has certain influences on the denitration effect and it shows that, in the lower temperature range, the higher the temperature of the secondary air, the higher the denitration rate. However, as temperature reaches a certain value, the denitration effect is no longer enhanced but reduced. For the two kinds of reburning, the case with the secondary air at 500 K is a relatively good one, and the NOx removal rate reaches 66.36% for cornstalk reburning, while it is 55% for SAm reburning. Overall, cornstalk reburning provides a higher NOx reduction rate in comparison to SAm reburning.

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Numerical Modeling of NO Formation in Laminar Bunsen Flames—A Flamelet Approach

Cited by 26 publications

References 14 publications

Raman/Rayleigh scattering and CO-LIF measurements in laminar and turbulent jet flames of dimethyl ether

Raman/Rayleigh scattering and CO-LIF measurements in laminar and turbulent jet flames of dimethyl ether

Numerical Simulation Of Diluent Effect On NOx Emission In A X Turbulent Premixed Methane Flames

Numerical Simulation Research on the Process of Reburning South American Coal and Cornstalk

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