Numerical model on the application of sand columns in recharge reservoir

Physical modeling of sand columns application in recharge reservoir to prevent seawater intrusion

“…It can be seen in the figure that when using one column, two columns, and three columns of sand, the maximum length of seawater intrusion is obtained at a concentration of 5% isochlor 10.77 cm, 6.15 cm, and 3.60 cm, respectively, when the Hw ¼ 15 cm. Compared to numerical modeling, the percentage reduction in the length of seawater intrusion due to the number of sand columns appears to be slightly larger (Azis et al 2019). However, there is a reasonably good agreement between the results obtained from the physical and numerical models.…”

“…From numerical modeling, it was found that the maximum intrusion length at 5% isochlor concentration obtained was 20.97 cm at a water level of 15 cm. When adding a sand column, the length of seawater intrusion has decreased (Azis et al 2019). It can be seen in the figure that when using one column, two columns, and three columns of sand, the maximum length of seawater intrusion is obtained at a concentration of 5% isochlor 10.77 cm, 6.15 cm, and 3.60 cm, respectively, when the Hw ¼ 15 cm.…”

“…Since the saltwater's specific gravity is marginally more significant than the freshwater's specific gravity, the fresh water in the aquifer would be forced by saltwater further into the aquifer, especially at the bottom. However, since the piezometric groundwater pressure is greater than the sea level due to groundwater recharge, this pressure can be neutralized, and the flow of water from land to ocean can be balanced by seawater and groundwater (Azis et al 2019). Seawater intrusion occurs when this equilibrium is disturbed, typically caused by a lack of groundwater recharge and heavy groundwater pumping (Azis et al 2020).…”

“…It allows water to enter the aquifer layer very slowly, so the absorption reservoir function is not accomplished (Qahman & Larabi 2004). An analytical and numerical investigation was researched to resolve this, with the sand column model situated at the underside of the infiltration reservoir, which is directly connected with the aquifer layer, proven to maximize water flow through the aquifer layer (Azis et al 2019). However, no physical proof can be used as a guide to verify the study findings of Azis et al (2019) because their research is focused entirely on theoretical and computational solutions.…”

“…An analytical and numerical investigation was researched to resolve this, with the sand column model situated at the underside of the infiltration reservoir, which is directly connected with the aquifer layer, proven to maximize water flow through the aquifer layer (Azis et al 2019). However, no physical proof can be used as a guide to verify the study findings of Azis et al (2019) because their research is focused entirely on theoretical and computational solutions. As a result, this study will investigate how effective sand columns in the infiltration reservoir mitigate marine intrusion and groundwater crisis by physical modeling.…”