Numerical Model for the Chemical Kinetics of Potassium Species in Methane/Air Cup-Burner Flames

Zhang, Tian W.; Liu, Hao; Han, Zhiyue; Zhi, Du; Guo, Zi D.

doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b00106

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, as θ increases from 0.21 to 0.25, the mole fractions of the H, OH, and O radicals increase significantly by 1.46, 15.57, and 1.65 times, respectively. The greater the mole fractions of the H, OH, and O radicals, the more vigorous the global reaction. ,, As shown inFigure , [H+OH+O] max increases continuously with increasing oxygen fraction. This is consistent with the trend of the LBV versus oxygen fraction in Figure .…”

Section: Results and Discusssionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…To investigate the effects of propane addition and oxygen enrichment on flame propagation at the elementary reactions level, ROP analysis was performed. As short-lived free radicals in the combustion reaction zone, H, OH, and O are direct participants in elementary reactions, which play an important role in the combustion process. ,− The primary chain-propagating reactions for producing and consuming H, OH, and O radicals in the mixtures are illustrated in Figure S2 of the Supporting Information (SI). R1 (H + O 2 ↔ OH + O) is the primary chain-propagating reaction that produces the OH and O radicals, but it consumes H radical.…”

Section: Results and Discusssionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The greater the mole fractions of the H, OH, and O radicals, the more vigorous the global reaction. 15,55,57 As shown inFigure 13, [H+OH+O] max increases continuously with increasing oxygen fraction. This is consistent with the trend of the LBV versus oxygen fraction in Figure 4.…”

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confidence: 93%

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Effect of Propane Addition and Oxygen Enrichment on the Flame Characteristics of Biogas

et al. 2021

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Mixing biogas with other fuels or increasing the oxygen fraction in the oxidizer can improve the combustion performance of biogas. In this study, we investigated the effects of propane addition and oxygen enrichment on the flame characteristics of biogas with a constant heating value in a half-open duct. The evolution of the flame structure revealed that the tulip structure took on two types of patterns at the oxygen fraction θ = 0.21. However, there was no salient tulip flame formation when θ > 0.21. Oxygen enrichment significantly increased the flame propagation velocity (V) and explosion pressure (P). Propane addition significantly reduced V max at θ = 0.25 and 0.29. The maximum rate of pressure rise [(dP/dt)max] exhibited a nonlinear dependence on the maximum flame velocity (V max). A similar trend was observed for the dependence of (dP/dt)max on the laminar burning velocity (LBV). Therefore, the LBV is an important parameter to predict V max and (dP/dt)max values of mixtures. Furthermore, by using the PREMIX code and the UC San Diego mechanism, we simulated laminar flame burning properties to reveal the macroscopic flame propagation characteristics. The rate of propane consumption was higher than the rate of methane consumption. Additionally, oxygen enrichment played an important role in the entire reaction process, leading to an increase in the molar concentrations of microscopic free radicals and a promotion of the rates of production (ROP) of free radicals. In contrast, the addition of propane decreased the molar concentrations of microscopic free radicals and inhibited the ROP of free radicals.

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Section: Results and Discusssionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Results and Discusssionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Propane Addition and Oxygen Enrichment on the Flame Characteristics of Biogas

et al. 2021

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“…KOH, which has good efficiency in gas phase, was the main component of the HAEA for formulation #6. The extinguishing mechanism for formulation #6 can be described as follows:

\begin{matrix} centertrue \\ KOH \overset{+ H}{\to} K \overset{+ OH}{\to} KOH \\ KOH \overset{+ H}{\to} K \overset{+ {normalO}_{2}}{\to} {KO}_{2} \overset{+ {normalH}_{2} O}{\to} KOH \\ KOH \overset{+ OH}{\to} KO \overset{{normalH}_{2} O}{\to} KOH \end{matrix}

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel hot aerosol extinguishing agent with high efficiency for Class B fires

Yan

Han

2018

Fire and Materials

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Summary A novel hot aerosol extinguishing agent (HAEA), which is the combination of pyrotechnics and flame retardant technology, was found to have great efficiency in extinguishing Class B fires. A mixture of P and P3N5, referred to as P90x, was chosen as the reductant, and phase stabilized ammonium nitrate was chosen as the oxidant. This paper describes a study of the effectiveness of this agent in extinguishing n‐heptane fires (ie, Class B fires). We determined that the best efficiency was 15 g/m3 for extinguishing n‐heptane fires, four times more efficient than a traditional agent. The efficiency increases as the mass fraction of P90x rises. We also identified the key difference between the novel extinguishing agent and the traditional agent. The former consists of an inorganic phosphorus compound, while the latter is mainly comprised of KOH. Consequently, their extinguishing mechanisms are different. The phosphorus oxide of the novel HAEAs is the leading component to extinguish fire, which is more effective than alkali salts.

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“…As the chemical composition and the particle size are the main influence factors of extinguishing efficiency, Du Xin has compared the K‐type salt's thermal decomposition, the major ingredient of KFEA, with other dry chemicals' to explore the chemical composition effect on the fire extinguishing . The K‐type salt exhibits lower decomposition temperature generating K 2 O, which contributes to the fire suppression . However, the effects of particle size of KFEA on the fire extinguishing efficiency have not been discussed from the whole world up to now.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the relationship between the particle size distribution and the effectiveness of the K‐powder fire extinguishing agent

et al. 2018

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Summary The relationship between the particle size distribution and the extinguishing effectiveness of the new K‐powder fire extinguishing agent has been studied experimentally, to explore the reason of the great extinguishing efficiency exhibited by the new K‐powder fire extinguishing agent on Class B fire (liquid fuel fire). The results of the experiment showed that the extinguishing effectiveness increased along with the decrease of the particle size distribution. In addition, a sharp discontinuity appeared around the limiting size, about 40 μm. The powder with the particle size below 40 μm exhibited highly effective extinguishing with the minimum effective extinguishing concentration Cxr = 23 g·m−3, while the powder with the particle size above 40 μm exhibited little fire extinguishing efficiency. Compared with other fire extinguishing agents produced by different substances, the new K‐powder fire extinguishing has the bigger limiting size. That means, in the same particle size distribution, the new K‐powder fire extinguishing agent contains more highly effective powder than others contain, and is more effective.

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Numerical Model for the Chemical Kinetics of Potassium Species in Methane/Air Cup-Burner Flames

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of Propane Addition and Oxygen Enrichment on the Flame Characteristics of Biogas

Effect of Propane Addition and Oxygen Enrichment on the Flame Characteristics of Biogas

A novel hot aerosol extinguishing agent with high efficiency for Class B fires

Study on the relationship between the particle size distribution and the effectiveness of the K‐powder fire extinguishing agent

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