Numerical investigations of the accuracy of conductivity wire-mesh sensors

Zhang, Hengwei; Xiao, Yao; Gu, Hanyang

doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2019.02.014

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The potential electrical field induced by an electrode of the CCPs within the liquid film is simulated by steady potential simulations. The governing equation of the potential field is the Laplace equation [31,32]. where σ is the conductivity of the fluid in S m −1 and ϕ is the electrical potential in V. The two phases in the tube are water and air, and their conductivities are σ l = 0.05 µS cm −1 and σ g = 0 µS cm −1 , respectively [33,34].…”

Section: Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization and application of the concentric conductance probes in liquid film thickness measurement in a helically coiled tube

Liu¹,

Liu²,

Gu³

et al. 2022

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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The liquid film distribution in the helically coiled tube (HCT) is affected by curvature-induced centrifugal force and gravity force, showing more complex characteristics than straight tubes. However, due to the limitation of the measurement technology, the relevant data on liquid film in HCT are still rare. In this paper, based on the time-multiplexed excitation-probing scheme, a type of non-intrusive concentric conductance probes (CCPs) is developed at first. After reporting the operation principle of CCPs, the numerical simulation of potential field distribution in CCPs is conducted, and the effects of electrode structure parameters and liquid film thickness on the performance of CCPs are then analyzed in detail. It is found that in a certain range, the larger the inner electrode and outer electrode diameter, the greater the signal penetration depth (i.e., the larger the measurement range of liquid film thickness). Finally, the spatio-temporal distribution of liquid film on the wall of the HCT is experimentally studied using the optimized CCPs. The results indicate that this probe can realize the high-frequency accurate capture of liquid film flow details such as the occurrence and evolution process of liquid film inversion and the fluctuation characteristics of liquid film in HCT. The wave frequency of the liquid film is demonstrated to be not consistent along the circumferential direction. Using Strouhal number and Lockhart-Martinelli parameter, the wave frequency correlation at the maximum film thickness in the state of film inversion in HCT is obtained.

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Section: Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of course, the insulation layer's conductivity is also zero. For the activated inner electrode, the activation potential is set to unity [31], while the potential of the remaining inner and all of the outer electrodes is set to zero. The boundary condition of other areas is defined as electrical insulation.…”

Section: Numerical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization and application of the concentric conductance probes in liquid film thickness measurement in a helically coiled tube

Liu¹,

Liu²,

Gu³

et al. 2022

Meas. Sci. Technol.

Self Cite

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“…Since one of the media used in this work is tap water (conductivity ∼420 µS/cm and relative permittivity ∼ 80), the measurement signal is related to both conductivity and relative permittivity of the fluids. Different from other works, where the measurements were based only on the conductivity [27], [38], [41], [43] or permittivity [36], [40], we have considered both electrical properties.…”

Section: ) Boundary Condition and Field Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparing the results from Tables 2 and 3, it is observed that the standard FEM model provided a very small average phase fraction deviation regardless of the use of the cut-off procedure (about 0.5%). It happens because the nonlinearities related to the electric field distortion and the homogeneous potential assumption pointed out by Prasser et al [27] and Zhang et al [41], respectively, represent only a minor impact on the average phase fraction estimation of the capacitance WMS compared to the nonlinearities associated with the external circuits. In contrast, the experimental and the synthetic data from the proposed model (FEM+EC) show deviations of up to 17.7% and 14.7%, respectively, for patterns with large paraffin structures when the cut-off procedure is neglected.…”

Section: Impact Of the Nonlinearities In The Average Phase Fraction Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He suggested that this phenomenon might be related to the break of symmetry on the electric field. Zhang et al [41] created a similar model and showed that the gradient of the electric potential surrounding a crossing-point is nonlinear and overshoots may happen even in cases were the electric field is symmetric. According to them, the assumption of a uniformly sensitive volume is one of the causes of systematic error in the WMS measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined Finite Element and Electronic Circuit Model of a Wire-Mesh Sensor

et al. 2021

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A new wire-mesh sensor model based on electric field and circuit simulations is presented. In our approach, the excitation and amplification stages of the capacitance WMS are created as macromodels and coupled to the electrodes of a 3D geometry of the sensor. Thus, the effects caused by nonideal characteristics of the amplifiers are considered (e.g. finite open-loop gain and bandwidth). In order to evaluate the performance of the model, a static validation based on phantom measurement was performed. The phantoms were created with paraffin to emulate typical flow regimes, i.e. annular, slug and bubble flow. A mapping containing the position and the electrical properties of the patterns was obtained by image processing and incorporated to the field simulation. Hence the numerical simulations could be directly compared to the experimental data. The results show that coupling the external circuits to the capacitance WMS model is crucial to provide reliable synthetic data.

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