Numerical investigation on the effects of injection rate shaping on combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fueled CI engine

Mohan, Balaji; Yang, Wenming; Yu, Wenbin; Tay, Kun Lin; Chou, S.K.

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.08.034

Cited by 37 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Mohan et al [18] studied a boot injection shape through numerical simulations, resulting in reduced emissions compared to a square injection rate shape. He et al [19] performed simulations on a wider variation of injection rate profiles, being the optimal a so-called ''hump" shape, characterized by increased injection rate and velocities in the initial and final stages of the injection event, while reduced values are used in the middle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of new prototype pintle injectors for diesel engine application

Payri

Morena

Battiston

et al. 2016

Energy Conversion and Management

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a b s t r a c tA new prototype common rail injector featuring a complete new nozzle design concept was exhaustively characterized both from the hydraulic and spray formation point of view. A commercial injection rate meter together with a spray momentum test rig were used to determine the flow characteristics at the nozzle exit. A novel high pressure and high temperature chamber (up to 15 MPa and 1000 K) was used to determine liquid length and vapor penetration. Using these tools, three different pintle nozzle designs, with specific features in the outlet section, were studied. The test matrix included a sweep of injection pressure up to 2000 bar and a sweep of ambient temperature up to 950 K. The results obtained show that pintle nozzles offer great potential in terms of fuel mass flux controlled by variable nozzle geometry. Effects in the hydraulic measurements and spray images due to the variable geometry were observed and characterized.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of new prototype pintle injectors for diesel engine application

Payri

Morena

Battiston

et al. 2016

Energy Conversion and Management

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“…It can also provide different injection rate shapes, which represent a potential technique to reduce engine emissions. Injection rate shape variations induce different degrees of fuel-air mixing and then further affect the subsequent combustion and emission performance of engines [29,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38], which has been studied by many researchers worldwide. The initial injection rate is quite important for ignition delay, whereas some physical and chemical preparation processes occur before combustion, such as atomization, evaporation, diffusion, and mixing with air during the ignition delay period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of the Influence of Gas Injection Rate Shape on High-Pressure Direct-Injection Natural Gas Marine Engines

Wang

Li³

et al. 2019

Energies

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High-pressure direct-injection (HPDI) natural gas marine engines are widely used because of their higher thermal efficiency and lower emissions. The effects of different injection rate shapes on the combustion and emission characteristics were studied to explore the appropriate gas injection rate shapes for a low-speed HPDI natural gas marine engine. A single-cylinder model was established and the CFD model was validated against experimental data from the literature; then, the combustion and emission characteristics of five different injection rate shapes were analyzed. The results showed that the peak values of in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate profiles of the triangle shape were highest due to the highest maximum injection rate, which occurred in a phase close to the top dead center. The shorter combustion duration of the triangle shape led to higher indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) and NOx emissions compared with other shapes. The higher initial injection rates of the rectangle and slope shapes had a negative effect on the ignition delay periods of pilot fuel, which resulted in lower in-cylinder temperature and NOx emissions. However, due to the lower in-cylinder temperature, the engine power output was also lower. Otherwise, soot, unburned hydrocarbon (UHC), and CO emissions and indicated specific fuel consumption (ISFC) increased for both rectangle and slope shapes. The trapezoid and wedge shapes achieved a good balance between fuel consumption and emissions.

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“…Based on the experimental method, Macian et al [14] found that the ramp injection rate profiles was able to influence the premixed phase of combustion and reduce the radial position of the ignition. Mohan et al [16] using the KIVA4 computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code found that injection rate-shaping could not only lower NOx emissions, but also cut down the brake-specific fuel consumption and soot emissions at the same time. Also with the aid of KIVA4-CHEMKIN code, Tay et al [17] discovered that the start of combustion was subject to the injection rate-shaping, with the combustion phasing and combustion duration controlled simultaneously.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on an Injection Strategy Optimization for Diesel Engines Using a One-Dimensional Spray Model

2019

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Common rail systems have been widely used in diesel engines due to the stricter emission regulations. The advances in injector technology and ultrahigh injection pressure greatly promote the development of multiple-injection strategy, leading to the shorter injection duration and more variable injection rate shape, which makes the mixing process more significant for the formation of pollutant emission. In order to study the mixing process of diesel sprays under variable injection rate shapes and find the optimized injection strategy, a one-dimensional spray model was modified in this paper. The model was validated by the measured spray penetrations based on shadowgraphy experiments with the varying injection rate. The simulations were performed with five injection rate shapes, triangle, ramping-up, ramping-down, rectangle and trapezoid. Their spray penetrations, entrainment rates and equivalence ratios along spray axial distance are compared. The potentials of multiple-injection and gas-jet after end-of-injection (EOI) to improve mixing process and emission reduction are discussed finally. The results indicated that ramping-up injection rate obtains the highest entrainment rate after EOI, and it needs 1.5 times of injection duration for the entrainment wave to arrive at the spray tip. For the other four injection rates, the sprays can be treated as a steady-like state, needing twice of injection duration from EOI to the time the entrainment wave reaches the spray tip. The multiple-injection with proper injection rate shape enhanced the entrainment rate, and the gas-jet after EOI affected the mixture distribution and entrainment rate in spray tail under ramping-down injection rate.

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Numerical investigation on the effects of injection rate shaping on combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fueled CI engine

Cited by 37 publications

References 21 publications

Study of new prototype pintle injectors for diesel engine application

Study of new prototype pintle injectors for diesel engine application

An Investigation of the Influence of Gas Injection Rate Shape on High-Pressure Direct-Injection Natural Gas Marine Engines

Investigation on an Injection Strategy Optimization for Diesel Engines Using a One-Dimensional Spray Model

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