Numerical investigation on soot particles emission in compression ignition diesel engine by using particulate mimic soot model

Ibrahim, Fadzli; Mahmood, Wan Mohd Faizal Wan; Abdullah, Shahrir; Mansor, Mohd Radzi Abu

doi:10.1051/matecconf/20179001071

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This measured value is different to the predicted value from simulation by 56% error. The large variation of this end value is primarily due to simple soot model applied, which does not take into account other important soot sub-process (nucleation, condensation and coagulation) [60,64]. Although the simulation results obtained here do not sufficiently represent the experimental result, it is still within the soot mass range as reported by Symonds et.…”

Section: Numerical Investigation Of Soot Mass Concentration In Comprementioning

confidence: 67%

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Numerical investigation of soot mass concentration in compression ignition diesel engine

Ibrahim¹,

Mahmood²,

Abdullah³

et al. 2016

J. MECH. ENG. SCI.

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Soot particles, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, oxides of sulphur, and hydrocarbon are the emissions produced from diesel engine combustion. Those emissions species are undesirable since they give detrimental impacts to the atmosphere and human well-being. Several numerical investigations conducted by various researchers provide different soot mass concentration values. As an alternative, this study was carried out to investigate the soot mass level produced by a single cylinder diesel engine, using a commercial multidimensional computational fluid dynamic software. The result obtained from simulation effort was then validated by experimental testing during the same engine condition (engine speed of 1600 rpm at 40% load). Soot mass predicted by simulation gives a value of 3.43 × 10 -8 kg at end of simulation, while measured soot mass via experimental testing gives a value of 1.52 × 10 -8 kg. Both results differ by 56% thus indicating that the simple soot model applied was not sufficient to represent the actual soot mass emitted through exhaust manifold. This leads to the conclusion that more detailed soot model is needed to make the simulation results more meaningful and comparable to the experimental testing.

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Section: Numerical Investigation Of Soot Mass Concentration In Comprementioning

confidence: 67%

“…In this study, the overall mesh resolution of 1.0 mm was found to sufficiently produce grid independent results, as the comparison of different mesh sizes is clearly discussed in [60]. Meanwhile, injector region which is considered as the most important segment was set to 0.375 mm of mesh size.…”

Section: Mesh Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical investigation of soot mass concentration in compression ignition diesel engine

Ibrahim¹,

Mahmood²,

Abdullah³

et al. 2016

J. MECH. ENG. SCI.

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“…Researchers have used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods to analyze the diesel PM, 158 soot evolution, 159 and PN-size distributions. 160 Several physicochemical processes are involved in the soot evolution 161 (Figure 11). Soot nucleation depends on the availability of soot precursors and local temperature.…”

Section: Soot Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of morphological and chemical characteristics of particulates from compression ignition engines

Agarwal

Krishnamoorthi

2022

International Journal of Engine Research

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Particulates from compression ignition (CI) engines have received serious attention in the last two decades. CI engines emit higher particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) than spark ignition (SI) engines. Both these species are harmful to human health and the environment. Compared to NOx emissions, PM constitutes many more chemical species in solid and liquid phases. This review paper focuses on soot morphology and chemical characterization of PM emissions from CI engines. Effects of different fuels, lubricating oil, and engine operating conditions on particulate characteristics are analyzed exhaustively. The first part of this paper focuses on the effects of particulates on living organisms, the consequences of exposure to diesel particulates, and the composition of diesel particulates. In recent decades, micro and nano-scale characteristics of PM have been exhaustively investigated to understand its structure, formation, and chemical functionalities. Typically, particulates comprise of elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), the soluble organic fraction (SOF), and trace metals. This paper summarizes most aspects of diesel particulate emissions for the benefit of active researchers in the field and underlines the importance of particulate emission reduction from the CI engines. Diesel combustion generates particles with enormous long-chain aggregates of smaller sizes and immature soot particles. Low-temperature combustion (LTC) modes and oxygenated fuels reduce the soot emissions and generate compact/clustered aggregates. Oxygenated fuels in CI engines produce more nucleation mode particles (NMPs) and high-reactivity soot aggregates. Higher trace metal concentrations were observed in diesel origin particulates than biofuel origin particulates. Biodiesel origin particulates possess higher mutagenicity and carcinogenicity because of nitro-PAHs. Transient engine operations cause higher particulates than steady-state engine operations.

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Effect of Injector Type and Intake Boosting on Combustion, Performance, and Emission Characteristics of a Spray-Guided Gasoline Direct Injection Engine—A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study

Kumar,

Bhaduri,

Mallikarjuna

2024

Engines

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<div>In general, GDI engines operate with stratified mixtures at part-load conditions enabling increased fuel economy with high power output, however, with a compensation of increased soot emissions at part-load conditions. This is mainly due to improper in-cylinder mixing of air and fuel leading to a sharp decrease in gradient of reactant destruction term and heat release rate (HRR), resulting in flame quenching. The type of fuel injector and engine operating conditions play a significant role in the in-cylinder mixture formation. Therefore, in this study, a CFD analysis is utilized to compare the effect of stratified mixture combustion with multi-hole solid-cone and hollow-cone injectors on the performance and emission characteristics of a spray-guided GDI engine.</div> <div>The equivalence ratio (<i>ϕ</i>) from 0.6 to 0.8 with the constant engine speed of 2000 rev/min is considered. For both injectors, the fuel injection pressure of 200 bar is used with 60° spray-cone angles. For lean boosting conditions, intake pressures of 1 bar, 1.2 bar, and 1.4 bar are maintained for 0.8 equivalence ratio cases for both injectors. Results from the CFD analysis are compared with those of the available experimental results with good agreement. Analyzing the results, naturally aspirated and intake boosting conditions for <i>ϕ</i> of 0.8, mixture distribution and flame propagation for the multi-hole solid injector are better than hollow-cone injector. Also, for the <i>ϕ</i> of 0.8, naturally aspirated mode, the soot emissions by the hollow-cone injector are higher by about 90%, and the NO<sub>x</sub> emissions are higher by about 19% compared to that of the multi-hole solid-cone injector. Under boosted intake pressure conditions, for the hollow-cone injector, the soot emissions are higher by about 97%–99%, and NO<sub>x</sub> emissions are higher by about 7%–6% compared to the multi-hole solid-cone injector. Also, HC and CO emissions are considerably lower for the hollow-cone injector than that of the multi-hole solid-cone injector.</div>

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Numerical investigation on soot particles emission in compression ignition diesel engine by using particulate mimic soot model

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Numerical investigation of soot mass concentration in compression ignition diesel engine

Numerical investigation of soot mass concentration in compression ignition diesel engine

Review of morphological and chemical characteristics of particulates from compression ignition engines

Effect of Injector Type and Intake Boosting on Combustion, Performance, and Emission Characteristics of a Spray-Guided Gasoline Direct Injection Engine—A Computational Fluid Dynamics Study

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