Numerical investigation on ammonia co-firing in a pulverized coal combustion facility: Effect of ammonia co-firing ratio

Zhang, Juwei; Ito, Tetsuo; Ishii, Hiroki; Ishihara, Sakiko; Fujimori, Takahiro

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117166

Cited by 142 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…A potential drawback of ammonia co-firing is the increase of carbon in fly ashes. In this regard, different results were reported by refs and . Indeed, while the authors of ref report a decrease of unburned carbon in fly ashes with respect to coal combustion, which is in agreement with ref , in ref , the opposite trend was found numerically.…”

Section: Applicationssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…In coal-fired thermal power plants, ammonia co-firing has been explored in various configurations − both experimentally and numerically. However, a detailed interpretation of the effects of ammonia on each single stage of coal combustion, independent of the furnace configuration, is very difficult to be pointed out as a result of the well-known complexity of solid fuel combustion.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on Ammonia as a Potential Fuel: From Synthesis to Economics

et al. 2021

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Ammonia, a molecule that is gaining more interest as a fueling vector, has been considered as a candidate to power transport, produce energy, and support heating applications for decades. However, the particular characteristics of the molecule always made it a chemical with low, if any, benefit once compared to conventional fossil fuels. Still, the current need to decarbonize our economy makes the search of new methods crucial to use chemicals, such as ammonia, that can be produced and employed without incurring in the emission of carbon oxides. Therefore, current efforts in this field are leading scientists, industries, and governments to seriously invest efforts in the development of holistic solutions capable of making ammonia a viable fuel for the transition toward a clean future. On that basis, this review has approached the subject gathering inputs from scientists actively working on the topic. The review starts from the importance of ammonia as an energy vector, moving through all of the steps in the production, distribution, utilization, safety, legal considerations, and economic aspects of the use of such a molecule to support the future energy mix. Fundamentals of combustion and practical cases for the recovery of energy of ammonia are also addressed, thus providing a complete view of what potentially could become a vector of crucial importance to the mitigation of carbon emissions. Different from other works, this review seeks to provide a holistic perspective of ammonia as a chemical that presents benefits and constraints for storing energy from sustainable sources. State-of-the-art knowledge provided by academics actively engaged with the topic at various fronts also enables a clear vision of the progress in each of the branches of ammonia as an energy carrier. Further, the fundamental boundaries of the use of the molecule are expanded to real technical issues for all potential technologies capable of using it for energy purposes, legal barriers that will be faced to achieve its deployment, safety and environmental considerations that impose a critical aspect for acceptance and wellbeing, and economic implications for the use of ammonia across all aspects approached for the production and implementation of this chemical as a fueling source. Herein, this work sets the principles, research, practicalities, and future views of a transition toward a future where ammonia will be a major energy player.

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Section: Applicationssupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Ammonia as a Potential Fuel: From Synthesis to Economics

et al. 2021

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“…Finally, the boiler efficiency was improved. 29 It also can be obtained from Figure 8 that the boiler efficiency increased gradually from 80.4% to 85.2% as the heat ratio for COG increased from 20% to 40%. Compared with professional gas-fired boilers that stable combustion devices or waist-shrinking furnaces were equipped, although the overall thermal efficiency of mixed-combustion boiler was higher when BFG and COG were co-fired.…”

Section: Cog and Bfgmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…They presented that blending a proper amount of semi-coke can reduce the emission of NO despite slight increase in the carbon content of fly ash. Using 0-D and 3-D temperature distributions, Ishihara and Zhang et al [28][29][30] simulated blending NH 3 and pulverized coal in a 1000 MW boiler in order to study the detailed chemical reactions of NH 3 involved in combustion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on multi‐fuel combustion of lean coal and by‐product gas in a 75t/h tangentially‐fired boiler

Zhou

2021

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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By-product gas is used as an alternative energy for steel mills to relieve the pressure of the fossil fuel crisis. In order to study the influence of blending by-product gas on boiler operation, the multi-fuel combustion experiments on the mixture of coke oven gas (COG), blast furnace gas (BFG), and lean coal were carried out in a 75t/h multifuel combustion boiler so as to determine the most balanced fuel formula. The results indicated that the mixed combustion of COG and lean coal could improve the boiler efficiency. However, the balance of by-product gas utilization in steel mills was destroyed for not using BFG. Although mixed combustion of BFG and COG improved the boiler efficiency, the boiler could only be operated under low load because of lower furnace temperature. After applying the most balanced flue ratio of BFG, COG, and lean coal, with heat value rations of 35%, 35%, and 30%, respectively, the efficiency of the boiler became 77.21%. The flue gas temperature lowered 4.5 C and the carbon content of fly ash and boiler slag were reduced by 1.06% and 1.09%, respectively. As a result, the stand coal consumption of the boiler decreased by 226.1 kg/h with the ratio of coal saving being 3.3%.

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“…Reducing the use of carbon-containing fuels and reducing carbon emissions is one of the important ways to achieve carbon neutrality. Due to its advantages of carbon-free, high hydrogen, low cost and easy storage [1], many scholars have conducted in-depth studies on the combustion characteristics of ammonia [2][3][4][5] . Sakiko Ishihara et al [6] simulated the effect of ammonia (NH 3 ) on nitric oxide emissions from coal-fired boilers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Co-firing characteristics of NH3 and coal in the main burning zone of the coal staged combustion

Yuan

Wang

Ruan

et al. 2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The mathematical models including NH3 and pulverized coal were established, and the co-combustion characteristics of NH3/pulverized coal and NOx formation process in the main combustion zone (air consumption coefficient 0.9) of coal staged combustion are studied. The gas temperature distributions and NOx generation characteristics under different ammonia/pulverized coal ratios are investigated. The results show that the ammonia combustion and the NOx production is greatly enhanced by coal combustion when the ammonia and pulverized coal are mixed. For pure ammonia combustion, due to difficult ignition and lower burning rate in the lower gas temperature environment, the NO concentration formed in the furnace and at the outlet are very low; When the proportion of NH3 is 20%, the NOx concentration at the furnace outlet is the highest; when the ammonia gas ratio is 40%, NO at the outlet is lower than that of pure pulverized coal. In addition to a large amount of NO, there are also a large amount of NO2 and N2O in the high temperature region when ammonia and pulverized coal are mixed.

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Numerical investigation on ammonia co-firing in a pulverized coal combustion facility: Effect of ammonia co-firing ratio

Cited by 142 publications

References 13 publications

Review on Ammonia as a Potential Fuel: From Synthesis to Economics

Review on Ammonia as a Potential Fuel: From Synthesis to Economics

Experimental study on multi‐fuel combustion of lean coal and by‐product gas in a 75t/h tangentially‐fired boiler

Study on Co-firing characteristics of NH3 and coal in the main burning zone of the coal staged combustion

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