Numerical investigation of the response of the Yele rockfill dam during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake

Han, Bo; Zdravković, Lidija; Kontoe, Stavroula; Taborda, David M.G.

doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.06.002

Cited by 35 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It is noted that this paper only investigates the one-dimensional site response due to the vertical ground motion without considering any potential interaction with the horizontal component. In multi-directional analyses, the interaction of the three components of the ground motion can be important, particularly when significant nonlinearity in the soil behaviour is expected (Han et al 2016b and2017). Zienkiewicz et al (1980) theory Table 3: Soil parameters for the coupled 1-D soil column analysis Table 4: Permeability values for parametric studies (coupled FE analysis)…”

Section: Quantitative Study Of the Variation Of Hm Viscous Dampingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical and numerical investigation of site response due to vertical ground motion

2018

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Due to the repeatedly observed strong vertical ground motions and compressional damage of engineering structures in recent earthquakes, the multidirectional site response analysis is increasingly critical for the seismic design of important structures, such as nuclear power plants and high earth dams. However, the site response to the vertical component of the ground motion has not been the subject of detailed investigation in the literature. Therefore, in this paper, the vertical site response due to vertical ground motion is investigated by employing both analytical and numerical methods. Firstly, a 1-D frequency domain analytical solution, which can be employed for vertical site response analysis in practice, is studied and compared against time domain Finite Element (FE) analyses for the two extreme soil state conditions (i.e. undrained and drained conditions). The vertical site response is further investigated with hydro-mechanically (HM) coupled FE analysis, considering solid-fluid interaction. The undertaken parametric studies show that the predicted vertical site response is strongly affected by the parameters characterising the hydraulic phase, i.e. soil permeability and soil state conditions, both in terms of frequency content and amplification. The subsequent corresponding quantitative investigation, of the frequency content and amplification function of the vertical site response, shows that depending on the soil permeability the response is dominated by the two types of compressional waves (fast and slow wave). Notably, the parametric studies identify a range of permeability that significantly affects dynamic soil properties in terms of P-wave velocities, damping ratios and vertical site response, and this range is relevant for geotechnical earthquake engineering applications. It is therefore recommended that coupled consolidation analysis is necessary to accurately simulate this effect at such permeability-dependent intermediate transient states between fully undrained and drained conditions. Finally, this work suggests a simple modification of standard total-stress site response analysis to account for vertical ground motion and solid-pore fluid interaction. In order to simulate the attenuation of the response due to solid-pore fluid interaction effects, it is suggested to employ additional HM viscous damping in total-stress analysis, further to the one used to account for hysteretic material damping. This additional viscous damping can be quantified based on the empirical curves proposed in the paper.

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Section: Quantitative Study Of the Variation Of Hm Viscous Dampingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical and numerical investigation of site response due to vertical ground motion

2018

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“…A further numerical investigation based on artificial signals (i.e., a sinusoid with different frequencies lying in the real earthquake frequency range, and the sum of a number of sinusoids), not reported for the sake of conciseness, was previously performed in order to identify a suitable range of time steps to employ in the simulations of real earthquakes. From these results, it has been drawn that in order to obtain an accurate solution for the proposed real earthquake data there is the need of a reduced time step with respect to common expectations 7,33 35–37 ; the best accuracy level can be obtained with a time step equal to

1 \times 10^{- 5}

s although the computing time is very high. A time step equal to

1 \times 10^{- 4}

s produces solutions that are very close to those obtained by employing a time step equal to

1 \times 10^{- 5}

s, and the computational cost is reduced.…”

Section: The Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel insight into vertical ground motion modelling in earthquake engineering

Argani

Gajo

2021

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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Recent observations of failure and damage of buildings and structures under seismic action has led to an increasing interest for an in-depth analysis of the vertical component of site ground motion. In particular, when dealing with saturated soils, the current engineering practice does not usually go beyond the simplified 𝑢-𝑝 formulation of the Biot's equations describing the coupled hydromechanical behaviour, thus neglecting some terms of fluid inertial forces, despite the presence of more refined formulations, for example, the 𝑢-𝑈 formulation.Therefore, a theoretical and numerical validation of the 𝑢-𝑝 formulation as compared with the 𝑢-𝑈 formulation is proposed in this work, where the numerical simulations are compared with the analytical solution for the 𝑢-𝑝 formulation, which is also derived and illustrated in this text. The comparison between the two formulations and the analytical solution is provided for different levels of permeability and dynamic actions, which are representative of a wide scenario of site ground properties and seismic hazard in the vertical direction. In particular, the soil response is analysed in terms of acceleration and pore pressure time history, frequency content, acceleration response spectrum, and amplification ratio of acceleration. This study extends the discussion of the limits of applicability of the 𝑢-𝑝 formulation with respect to the rigorous solution of Biot's equations (obtained here with 𝑢-𝑈 formulation) to the context of a complex dynamic regime provided by the vertical components of real earthquake records, and paves the way for further investigations.

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“…where d max is the lateral maximum permanent displacement on the top surface of the embankment and D is the embankment width; D � 24.5 m. According to the investigation results of the Wenchuan earthquake, embankments at the epicenter (Yingxiu town) suffered from the most severely damage, i.e., destruction, and ε max reached 2.059% [50][51][52]; therefore, considering ε max � 2.0% as the boundary of severe damage and destruction was reasonable. Besides, the boundaries of ε max among other embankment seismic damage grades were further established based on the equidistant classifying method [17,53], as summarized in Table 2.…”

Section: Selection Of the Embankment Seismic Damage Parametermentioning

confidence: 99%

Embankment Seismic Fragility Assessment under the Near‐Fault Pulse‐like Ground Motions by Applying the Response Surface Method

Che

Yin

Zhou

et al. 2021

Shock and Vibration

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Uncertainties of the ground motions and structural parameters are the main factors that limit the accuracy of embankment seismic fragility assessment. In response to the uncertainties of the ground motions, artificial synthesizing method of the near-fault pulse-like ground motions was proposed, and 15 ground motions with the rupture fault distances ranging from 1 to 15 km were synthesized by taking the Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan, China, as an example. The Xi’an-Baoji expressway K1125 + 470 embankment was taken as the research object, and a total of 12 structural parameters were selected as the design variables, namely, the elastic modulus, bulk modulus, shear modulus, density, cohesion force, and internal friction angle of the embankment fill and soil foundation, respectively. In response to the uncertainties of these parameters, 3 principal components with large impacts on the embankment seismic fragility were extracted based on the principal component analysis. Mapping relationships among the principal components and embankment seismic damages were analyzed using the uniform design response surface method, and the seismic fragility assessment was carried out and the fragility curves were plotted. The research results are consistent with the actual embankment seismic damage conditions of the Chi-Chi earthquake, indicating that the proposed method is scientific and reasonable. It also shows that it would obviously overestimate the seismic performance in the embankment seismic fragility assessment without considering the uncertainties of the ground motions and structural parameters.

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Numerical investigation of the response of the Yele rockfill dam during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake

Cited by 35 publications

References 29 publications

Analytical and numerical investigation of site response due to vertical ground motion

Analytical and numerical investigation of site response due to vertical ground motion

A novel insight into vertical ground motion modelling in earthquake engineering

Embankment Seismic Fragility Assessment under the Near‐Fault Pulse‐like Ground Motions by Applying the Response Surface Method

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