Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Stenosis Geometry on the Coronary Diagnostic Parameters

Abstract

The present study deals with the functional severity of a coronary artery stenosis assessed by the fractional flow reserve (FFR). The effects of different geometrical shapes of lesion on the diagnostic parameters are unknown. In this study, 3D computational simulation of blood flow in three different geometrical shapes of stenosis (triangular, elliptical, and trapezium) is considered in steady and transient conditions for 70% (moderate), 80% (intermediate), and 90% (severe) area stenosis (AS). For a given percentage AS, the variation of diagnostic parameters which are derived from pressure drop across the stenosis was found in three different geometrical shapes of stenosis and it was observed that FFR is higher in triangular shape and lower in trapezium shape. The pressure drop coefficient (CDP) was higher in trapezium shape and lower in triangular model whereas the LFC shows opposite trend. From the clinical perspective, the relationship between percentage AS and FFR is linear and inversely related in all the three models. A cut-off value of 0.75 for FFR was observed at 76.5% AS in trapezium model, 79.5% in elliptical model, and 82.7% AS for the triangular shaped model. The misinterpretation of the functional severity of the stenosis is in the region of 76.5%-82.7 % AS from different shapes of stenosis models.

The Effects That Cardiac Motion has on Coronary Hemodynamics and Catheter Trackability Forces for the Treatment of Coronary Artery Disease: An In Vitro Assessment

“…7a) which agree with the findings of Steinman et al 41 for a stenosis within a giant intracranial aneurysm. For the three percentage stenosis area reductions, the pressure drop varied in an exponential manner which follows a similar non-linear trend found by Kamangar et al 14 There was no noticeable difference in pressure drop across the stenosis with the inclusion of cardiac motion.…”

The Influence of Geometrical Shapes of Stenosis on the Blood Flow in Stenosed Artery

“…The trapezoidal model in current study is based on the clinical study conducted on the group of patients by Back and Denton (1992), Roy et al (2005) and Wilson et al (1988). There are many studies in which the shape of stenosis was considered as elliptical in a patient specific coronary artery (Chaichana et al 2013(Chaichana et al , 2012Govindaraju et al 2016a;Kamangar et al 2017aKamangar et al , 2014Ryou et al 2012). The elliptical shape stenosis model was developed by using (1) (Dash et al 1999).…”

A Parametric Study of the Effect of Arterial Wall Curvature on Non-Invasive Assessment of Stenosis Severity:Computational Fluid Dynamics Study

“…The CFD simulation was first run with steady-state flow analysis and then with transient flow analysis based on the results of the steady-state analysis as the initial estimate 25,26 . For the steady-state analysis, values of the following parameters were set at the inlet and outlet:…”