Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Sloped Terrain on Wind-Driven Surface Fire and Its Impact on Idealized Structures

Edalati-nejad, Ali; Ghodrat, Maryam; Simeoni, Albert

doi:10.3390/fire4040094

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…We discovered that increases in wind speed and slope significantly intensified the fire behavior indicators. This finding aligns with the research outcomes of Eftekharian E [44] and Edalati-nejad A [45], corroborating our study and providing invaluable insights into forest fire management and prevention strategies under the specific environmental conditions of Xiwu County.…”

Section: Simulation Analysis Of Surface Fire Behavior For Different T...supporting

confidence: 89%

Characterizing Forest Fuel Properties and Potential Wildfire Dynamics in Xiuwu, Henan, China

Shi,

Feng,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Fire

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As global climate change and human activities increasingly influence our world, forest fires have become more frequent, inflicting significant damage to ecosystems. This study conducted measurements of combustible materials (moisture content ratio, ignition point, and calorific value) across 14 representative sites. We employed Pearson correlation analysis to ascertain the significant differences in combustible properties and utilized entropy methods to evaluate the fire resistance of materials at these sites. Cluster analysis led to the development of four combustible models. Using BehavePlus software, we simulated their fire behaviors and investigated the effects of wind speed and slope on these behaviors through sensitivity analysis. The results revealed notable differences in the moisture content ratios among different types of combustibles, especially in sites 2, 3, 8, 9, and 13, indicating higher fire risks. It was also found that while humus has a higher ignition point and lower calorific value, making it less prone to ignite, the resultant fires could be highly damaging. The Pearson analysis underscored significant variations in the moisture content ratios among different combustibles, while the differences in ignition points and calorific values were not significant. Sites 5 and 6 demonstrated stronger fire resistance. The simulations indicated that fire-spread speed, fireline intensity, and flame length correlate with, and increase with, wind speed and slope. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the significant influence of these two environmental factors on fire behavior. This study provides critical insights into forest fire behavior, enhancing the capability to predict and manage forest fires. Our findings offer theoretical support for forest fire prediction and a scientific basis for fire management decision-making.

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Section: Simulation Analysis Of Surface Fire Behavior For Different T...supporting

confidence: 89%

Characterizing Forest Fuel Properties and Potential Wildfire Dynamics in Xiuwu, Henan, China

Shi,

Feng,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Fire

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“…Currently, there are works aimed at modeling heat transfer in a structure using a neural network approach [39,40]. Additionally, in modeling heat transfer, not only can an individual structural element, but also an entire building be considered an idealized object [41].…”

Section: Heat Transfer In Enclosure Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and Chemical Macroscopic Processes in Wooden Construction Materials of Buildings during WUI Fires: Recent and Advanced Developments

Baranovskiy

Malinin

2022

Processes

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Forest fires are one of the strongest natural phenomena, occurring both for natural and man-made reasons. Forest fires entail not only economic losses, but also affect the ecological, biological and demographic picture of the region of its origin and far beyond its borders. Around the world, work is underway to develop effective methods for predicting the impact of a forest fire on the environment, the speed and direction of propagation and impact on various infrastructure facilities near the wildland–urban interface (WUI). The purpose of the work is to review recent and significant research works on the physical and chemical processes in wooden construction materials during WUI fires. As a result of the analysis of literary sources, works devoted to the modeling and experimental study of various physical and chemical processes, namely, the impact of forest fires on residential and industrial facilities, heat and mass transfer in structural materials, drying processes, pyrolysis, and ignition of structural materials, are highlighted. The results of the analysis of literature sources and promising directions are presented in the Discussion section. The formulated conclusions are presented in the Conclusion section. The main conclusion is that the existing experimental and theoretical work can be integrated into the developed deterministic–probabilistic approach for predicting the impact of a forest fire on buildings.

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“…Jeong et al [ 9 ] highlighted that wind speeds ranging from 15 m/s to 22 m/s significantly increase the risk to firefighters conducting firefighting, rescue, and first aid operations under extreme wind conditions. Furthermore, Edalati-nejad et al [ 10 ] investigated the impact of wind-driven surface fires and their effect on idealized structures on sloped terrains through numerical simulations, revealing that an increase in terrain slope leads to a rise in high-temperature areas near the building, suggesting that fire spread speed and thermal impact range also increase on steeper terrains. Consequently, firefighting and rescue operations entail heightened risks and casualties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Predicting the Deviation of Jet Trajectory Falling Point under the Influence of Random Wind

Cheng,

Zhu,

Wang

et al. 2024

Sensors

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As one of the main external factors affecting the fire extinguishing accuracy of sprinkler systems, it is necessary to analyze and study random wind. However, in practical applications, there is little research on the impact of random wind on sprinkler fire extinguishing points. To address this issue, a new random wind acquisition system was constructed in this paper, and a method for predicting jet trajectory falling points in Random Forest (RF) under the influence of random wind was proposed, and compared with the commonly used prediction model Support Vector Machine (SVM). The method in this article reduces the error in the x direction of the 50 m prediction result from 2.11 m to 1.53 m, the error in the y direction from 0.64 m to 0.6 m, and the total mean absolute error (MAE) from 31.3 to 23.5. Simultaneously, predict the falling points of jet trajectory at different distances under the influence of random wind, to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method in practical applications. The experimental results show that the system and method proposed in this article can effectively improve the influence of random wind on the falling points of a jet trajectory. In summary, the image acquisition system and error prediction method proposed in this article have many potential applications in fire extinguishing.

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Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Sloped Terrain on Wind-Driven Surface Fire and Its Impact on Idealized Structures

Cited by 11 publications

References 51 publications

Characterizing Forest Fuel Properties and Potential Wildfire Dynamics in Xiuwu, Henan, China

Characterizing Forest Fuel Properties and Potential Wildfire Dynamics in Xiuwu, Henan, China

Physical and Chemical Macroscopic Processes in Wooden Construction Materials of Buildings during WUI Fires: Recent and Advanced Developments

A Study on Predicting the Deviation of Jet Trajectory Falling Point under the Influence of Random Wind

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