Numerical Investigation of Spray Characteristics of Diesel Alternative Fuels

Ghasemi, Abbas; Fukuda, Kohei; Balachandar, Ram; Barron, R. M.

doi:10.4271/2012-01-1265

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Two different secondary breakup regimes are provided by Reitz and Diwakar based on the Weber number (Reitz andDiwakar 1986, 1987). However, in the current study, due to the remarkable potential of the hybrid breakup model for the secondary breakup modeling (Ghasemi et al 2012), the KH-RT model is utilized. A schematic of the KH-RT breakup model is presented in Fig.…”

Section: Fig 2 Blob Methodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Heavy Fuel Oil Blend with Ethanol, n-Butanol or Methanol Bioalcohols on the Spray Characteristics

Ghadimi

Nowruzi

2016

JAFM

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Blending of fossil fuels with alcohols is one of the most impressive strategies for emission control and enhancement of fuel efficiency. Accordingly, in the current paper, the effects of blend of Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) with bioalcohols are numerically studied on the non-reacting spray characteristics. Three different fuels are considered by mixture of HFO with 20% of n-Butanol, Ethanol, and Methanol and compared against Pure HFO. For this purpose, the microscopic and macroscopic spray characteristics of the blended fuels are evaluated through the investigation of spray penetration, cone angle, spray volume, and Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD). Moreover, for detailed understanding of the spray characteristics, the non-dimensional numbers of Weber and Ohnesorge, and liquid spray morphology are analyzed. Also, the study of Histogram of density and droplet diameter is conducted. Eulerian-Lagrangian multiphase scheme is used for simulation of air-fuel interaction in OpenFOAM CFD toolbox. Lagrangian Particle Tracking method is utilized for fuel droplet tracking in Lagrangian scheme. A hybrid breakup model of KH-RT and standard model of k-ε in RANS is used respectively for breakup and turbulence modeling. The obtained numerical results are validated against existing experimental data with suitable accordance. Based on the computational results, longer spray penetration length, larger spray cone angle and greater spray volume are achieved for the blended fuels. It was also concluded that HFO-Ethanol improves the macroscopic characteristics compared to two other blended fuels, albeit the effect is very minimal. In addition, lower SMD value is obtained for the blended fuels compared to pure HFO.

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Section: Fig 2 Blob Methodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Heavy Fuel Oil Blend with Ethanol, n-Butanol or Methanol Bioalcohols on the Spray Characteristics

Ghadimi

Nowruzi

2016

JAFM

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“…To compute the continuous phase, the Navier-Stokes equations and the continuity equation were solved, while the force balance on the particle was integrated into the solver to determine particle trajectories. The particle trajectories were estimated using the result of the continuous flow for two-way interaction, whereas the continuous phase was determined using the Eulerian model [10,15]. Figure 6 depicts the two-way connection of the process scheme.…”

Section: Mathematical Model and Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Injector Nozzle Number of Holes and Fuel Injection Pressures on the Diesel Engine Characteristics Operated with Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel Blends

Ahmed

Mekonen

2022

Fuels

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This work covers the impact of varying injector nozzle hole numbers (INHNs) and fuel injection pressures (IPs) on fuel atomization, performance, and exhaust emission characteristics of a diesel engine. The primary goal of this research was to improve fuel characteristics. Increasing INHNs and fuel IPs have a substantial impact on the blended fuel viscosity and density, which leads to increased atomization and mixing rates, as well as combustion and engine efficiency. The fuel atomization was checked by varying the INHNs with an operating diesel fuel using the ANSYS Fluent spray simulation work. The experimental test was performed on the fuel blends of waste cooking oil (WCO)–diesel blends from 10 to 30% (with an increment of 10%) by evaluating the performance and emission parameters. The fuel IPs were altered on four, such as 190, 200 (default), 210, and 220 bar with a modification of INHN of 1 (default), 3, and 4), each 0.84, 0.33, and 0.25 mm in orifice size, respectively. The simulation result shows that the INHN-4 has better fuel atomization. Whereas the experimental test revealed that the increment in blending ratio of WCO was up to 30%, INHNs and fuel IPs enhanced the BSFC and BTE and reduced exhaust emissions. The results indicate that increasing the fuel IP up to 210 bar with a 4-hole INHN for B30 was the optimal combination for the overall enhancement of BSFC and BTE, as well as lower CO and HC emissions with a minor rise in NOx when compared to the baseline diesel.

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“…Gas and liquid properties affect the spray characteristics. While both liquid viscosity and surface tension can affect the size of the droplets issuing from conventional spray nozzles, the performance of fluid coker spray nozzles is mainly affected by the liquid viscosity, , which is why the liquid is preheated to about 350 °C upstream of the spray nozzle to reduce its viscosity. The atomization gas in fluid coker nozzles is steam at 350 °C, which has different properties from the air or nitrogen at ambient temperature that is typically used in academic studies.…”

Section: Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Research Related to Fluid Cokers

Briens

McMillan

2021

Energy Fuels

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Fluid coking is a thermal conversion process that uses a conventional two-vessel circulating fluidized bed to convert heavy hydrocarbon feeds to lighter products. The technology was developed in the 1950s and since then has been used commercially around the world to upgrade heavy oils from various sources. Research work has been summarized related to all aspects of the fluid coking process, including reaction fundamentals, bed hydrodynamics, liquid distribution and jet–bed interaction, mixing of solid particles and agglomerates, mixing of vapors, control of the particle size, cleaning of the vapor stream in the scrubber, cleaning of the cold coke in the stripper, process monitoring, coke transfer lines, and the burner. The fluid coking process involves complex interactions between fluidized bed hydrodynamics, liquid feed injection, and reaction kinetics, and research tools that can take into account all of these interacting variables are requited to test methods to optimize the process. Fluid cokers can process many different types of feeds, and future applications may include blending and co-processing a variety of feedstocks ranging from waste plastics, pyrolytic bio-oil, and off-spec vegetable oils with heavy oil. The findings from this summary are also relevant for other applications that inject liquid into fluidized beds, such as the fluid catalytic cracking process, olefin polymerization cooled by liquid injection, granulators, and coaters.

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Numerical Investigation of Spray Characteristics of Diesel Alternative Fuels

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Effects of Heavy Fuel Oil Blend with Ethanol, n-Butanol or Methanol Bioalcohols on the Spray Characteristics

Effects of Heavy Fuel Oil Blend with Ethanol, n-Butanol or Methanol Bioalcohols on the Spray Characteristics

Effects of Injector Nozzle Number of Holes and Fuel Injection Pressures on the Diesel Engine Characteristics Operated with Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel Blends

Review of Research Related to Fluid Cokers

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