Numerical Investigation and Experimental Verification of the Fluid Cooling Process of Typical Stator–Rotor Machinery with a Plate-Type Heat Exchanger

Chen, Xiuqi; Wei, Wei; Mu, Hongbin; Liu, Xu; Wang, Zhuo; Yan, Qingdong

doi:10.3390/machines10100887

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…A hydrodynamic retarder is a kind of auxiliary braking that is widely used on heavyduty vehicles to avoid brake overheating and failure caused by frequent braking [1]. For hydrodynamic retarders, the spool displacement of the discharging valve can effectively adjust the oil filling rate in the wheel cavity, changing the braking torque, which keeps the speed constant when the vehicle is continuously braking down a long slope.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Using Location-Information-Based Flow Field Reconstruction to Model the Characteristics of a Discharging Valve in a Hydrodynamic Retarder

et al. 2023

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In modeling the characteristics of a discharging valve in a hydrodynamic retarder, it is commonly required to determine the value of the flow area to calculate the force on the spool. However, the flow area often relies heavily on empirical or simulation data, which leads to increased uncertainty and computational cost, especially with the variation in the spool displacement. To overcome these shortcomings, Res-SE-U-Nets (networks that combine residual connections, squeeze-and-excitation blocks, and U-Net) are used to reconstruct the velocity field, and they have shown exceptional performance in image-to-image mapping tasks. The dataset of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results for the velocity field is collected and verified using particle image velocimetry (PIV). The results show that Res-SE-U-Nets can capture the location information of the flow field using a training set of only 120 data points. By utilizing location information in velocity field reconstruction, the flow area can be directly obtained under different spool displacements and pressures to calculate the spool force. The valve characteristics calculated with this method show an error of less than 2% when compared with CFD results, which confirms the validity and effectiveness of this method. The proposed method, which utilizes location information extracted from flow field prediction results, is capable of calculating valve characteristics. This approach also demonstrates the feasibility of using Res-SE-U-Nets for flow field reconstruction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Using Location-Information-Based Flow Field Reconstruction to Model the Characteristics of a Discharging Valve in a Hydrodynamic Retarder

et al. 2023

Self Cite

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“…Among the important components, the retarder plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety performance of the entire braking system. As a continuous braking auxiliary device, hydrodynamic retarders enable vehicles to maintain a constant speed during long downhill stretches and quickly decelerate and stop in emergency braking situations [2]. However, during operation, the hydrodynamic retarder is often partially filled with liquid, leading to a complex gasliquid two-phase flow phenomenon in the cavity [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of hydrodynamic retarder blade angle on vortex structure

Wang,

Wei,

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The internal flow of the hydrodynamic retarder cavity is a complex three-dimensional turbulent flow, and the evolution of vortices in its internal two-phase flow field is closely related to the generation of braking torque and the dissipation of kinetic energy. In this study, a periodic flow channel model is used to investigate the influence of different blade angles on vortex structure characteristics. The vortex structure identification method with Q criterion is employed to compare and analyze the distribution and development of the vortex structure. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) tests are conducted to observe the evolution of the vortex structure inside the retarder and validate the simulation analysis. Results show that the increase of the vortex structure scale, intensity, and transformation speed caused by the increase of the blade angle, which affects the energy dissipation and transfer of the flow field and explains the reason for the change of the braking torque. This provides a theoretical basis for the study of the braking performance mechanism and design optimization of the hydrodynamic retarder.

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On the hysteresis characteristics and compensation control strategy of a pneumatic hydrodynamic retarder

Wei,

Tao,

Jian

et al. 2024

Physics of Fluids

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As the core component of the hydrodynamic retarder braking system, pneumatic proportional solenoid valve plays an important role in the process of braking torque control. However, the hysteresis characteristic caused by friction and air compressibility will lead to the deviation of braking torque. In order to solve this problem, the hysteresis characteristic of pneumatic proportional solenoid valve is experimentally studied, and the causes of hysteresis phenomenon are analyzed through mathematical modeling of the valve core. Then, a high-precision prediction model of braking torque is obtained by combining Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and response surface method, which is used to construct the mapping relationship between control air pressure and braking torque. Furthermore, a feedforward controller based on Prandtl–Ishlinskii inverse model is designed to compensate the hysteresis characteristics. On this basis, a compound hysteresis characteristics compensation control strategy combined with Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) feedback control is proposed to realize the accurate control of braking torque. Finally, the test verification of braking torque control is carried out. The average error of compound control, feedforward control, and PID control under torque step working condition is 3.16%, 5.97%, and 6.23%, and the response time is 3.75, 8.75, and 3.2 s, respectively. The compound control strategy also has smaller torque error and shorter response time under both ramp torque tracking and constant torque conditions. To sum up, this compound control strategy can effectively compensate the hysteresis characteristics of the pneumatic hydrodynamic retarder and ensure the driving safety by improving the control accuracy and response speed of braking torque.

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Numerical Investigation and Experimental Verification of the Fluid Cooling Process of Typical Stator–Rotor Machinery with a Plate-Type Heat Exchanger

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

A Study on Using Location-Information-Based Flow Field Reconstruction to Model the Characteristics of a Discharging Valve in a Hydrodynamic Retarder

A Study on Using Location-Information-Based Flow Field Reconstruction to Model the Characteristics of a Discharging Valve in a Hydrodynamic Retarder

Influence of hydrodynamic retarder blade angle on vortex structure

On the hysteresis characteristics and compensation control strategy of a pneumatic hydrodynamic retarder

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