Numerical-experimental analysis of a carbon-phenolic composite via plasma jet ablation test

Pesci, Pedro Guilherme Silva; Machado, Humberto Araújo; Silva, Homero de Paula e; Rita, Cristian Cley Paterniani; Filho, Gilberto Petraconi; Botelho, Edson Cocchieri

doi:10.1088/2053-1591/aac624

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…23,24 The ablation behavior of TPM can be predicted more accurately by establishing reliable mathematical models. [25][26][27][28][29] Unfortunately, the above ablation behavior simulations only consider the influence of material parameters (e.g., porosity, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, etc.). They do not consider the influence of mesoscale structure (e.g., weave structure of the fabric, yarn spacing, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of weaving parameters on thermal protection performance of gradient3Dwoven composite

et al. 2023

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A dual‐scale ablation model was developed to address the lack of research on the influence of weaving parameters of gradient 3D woven composites on the ablation performance. It consists of a mesoscale heat transfer model and a macroscale ablation model, and they are effectively connected by parametric conduction. By comparing with experimental results, the accuracy of the model was demonstrated. The effect of yarn spacing, recession resistant layer thickness on the thermal protection performance of gradient 3D woven composite was investigated. Furthermore, the effect of each weaving parameter on the integrated performance of ablation resistance, thermal insulation and light‐weight level is evaluated. The results show each weaving parameter has a substantial impact on thermal protection performance, with weft spacing and binder yarn spacing being the most significant influence. Reasonable design of these parameters can facilitate the comprehensive performance of composites. These results serve as a useful reference for refinement design of thermal protection materials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of weaving parameters on thermal protection performance of gradient3Dwoven composite

et al. 2023

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“…Arc-jet plasma torches have been widely used for the purpose of characterising ablative materials [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. In Brazil, several works [18][19][20] study the behaviour of carbon-phenolic materials in arcjet plasma torches and compare the final results with the simulation model described by Machado [21,22]. Figure 1 shows the arc-jet facility of the Aeronautics Institute of Technology (ITA -Brazilian University), where part of the tests described in these works were performed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Machado's work [21,22] has been used for simulation of the ablative process in quartz-phenolic and carbon-phenolic composites [18][19][20]. In this model, two regions are represented: virgin material and char.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A lumped mathematical model for ablation in polymeric composites

Pesci

Zucarelli

Machado

2023

Materials Science and Technology

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Thermal Protection Systems (TPS) are used to protect a rocket payload until it arrives intact at its destination. Reliable tools for their design must be defined. The degradation process generated by aerodynamic heating in polymeric ablators can be calculated using lumped models at low computational cost. This work presents a simplified but valid model for the ablation of polymeric composites using lumped source terms to simulate physical phenomena that occur during ablation. Reference works were considered for comparison. The model was compared to experimental results of ablative materials used by the Brazilian Space Program. Mass loss rate curves were generated and presented good agreement to the results. Evolution of ablation and pyrolysis was also evaluated through the model's results.

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“…The degradation of an ablative material should be an endothermic reaction such as fusion, sublimation and carbonization, based on the principle of thermal energy absorption, generating a reasonable amount of gases, resulting in thermal insulation and progressively occurring material consumption. Carbonization ablators are the most commonly used thermal protection systems and are mainly produced with phenolic, epoxy or silicon resins using short fibers, silica, glass or organic spheres as reinforcement (Pesci et al, 2018;Machado, 2012). Carbon fiber reinforced (C/C) carbon arrays have fundamental properties for this type of application, such as: high strength and exceptional fracture toughness combined with their refractory properties, low density, high erosion, corrosion and wear resistance make this material ideal for applications in structural components subjected to high temperatures such as turbines and atmospheric reentry vehicles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of mullite ablative properties simulated in hypersonic plasma wind tunnel / Análise das propriedades ablativas da mulita simuladas em túnel de vento plasma hipersónico

Rita¹,

Miranda²,

Prado³

et al. 2021

BJDV

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Mullite is a ceramic composed of silicon oxide and aluminum used in various technological applications due to its physical and chemical properties, such as: Low thermal expansion, high thermal stability, low density, low thermal conductivity, good mechanical resistance and creep resistance, good stability in severe chemical environments, among other properties [1]. The supersonic plasma wind tunnel was optimized to investigate the ablative properties of the ceramic composite -Mullite (3 2 3 . 2 2 ) deposited by the plasma spray process on Carbon -Carbon Substrate (C/C). The tests were performed at low pressure in a reactive air plasma using a DC nontransferred arc plasma torch with enthalpies of 7.2MJ / kg at 18.5MJ / kg and heat fluxes of 0.52 MW/m2 to 2.2 MW/m2 (Fig. 1). The specific mass loss rate of the coated Mullite on the (C/C) was evaluated as a function of the exposure time and the heat flow. Microstructural and chemical analysis of the (C/C) substrate of the coated mullite before and after the ablation process through SEM / EDS were also performed. The mullite used in this experiment was processed by the Sol-gel method developed in the materials processing laboratory (PLASMAT-ITA), that is, a process involving a solution that passes through a transition called sol-gel and becomes gel by the and the basic objective of this technique is the preparation of a homogeneous precursor solution from which a semi -rigid gel with level of atomic homogeneity [1]. The synthesis of the mullite is obtained from the mixture in sol-gel of materials that present in its composition ( 2 3 ). From the synthesis of the Mullite Sol-gel, it was inserted in a Plasma Spray process developed in the Thermal Plasma Laboratory (PLASMAT-ITA), where it was processed the coating of the Mullite in Carbon/Carbon substrate creating a layer of thermal protection on the substrate. The analysis of the obtained results showed that the adhesion of the mullite is directly related to the exposure time of the substrate (C/C) in the plasma spray process, in the formation of the coating as a protective layer, since the analysis of the rate of mass loss and showed that the mullite deposited on the surface of the (C/C) did not show good efficiency when this protective coating was submitted to the ablation process inside the supersonic plasma wind tunnel.

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Numerical-experimental analysis of a carbon-phenolic composite via plasma jet ablation test

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Influence of weaving parameters on thermal protection performance of gradient3Dwoven composite

Influence of weaving parameters on thermal protection performance of gradient3Dwoven composite

A lumped mathematical model for ablation in polymeric composites

Analysis of mullite ablative properties simulated in hypersonic plasma wind tunnel / Análise das propriedades ablativas da mulita simuladas em túnel de vento plasma hipersónico

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