Numerical Design and Investigation of Circularly Segmented Air Holes-Assisted Hollow-Core Terahertz Waveguide as Optical Chemical Sensor

Abstract

In this paper, a polarization-maintaining single-mode rectangular-shaped hollow-core waveguide with four segmented air cladding in the terahertz (THz) regime is presented for detecting various toxic industrial chemicals. A new type of injection moldable cyclic olefin copolymer, commercially named as TOPAS is used as the base fiber material for its high optical transmission and high resistance to other chemicals. The finite element method with a perfectly matched layer as the boundary condition is employed for numerical explorations. The proposed sensor exhibits ultra-high relative sensitivity of 99.73% and ultralow effective material loss of 0.007 cm -1 at 1.6 THz frequency for Toluene in y polarization. This sensor also evinces a high birefringence of 4.16×10 -3 at 1.6 THz frequency. A maximum V parameter of 2.224 has been found at 2.2 THz which ensures the single-mode propagation of light. The sensor shows a very low confinement loss of 3.2×10 -11 dB/m and a high numerical aperture of 0.3574 at 1.6 THz frequency for Hydrogen Sulfide. This paper also concentrates on other important design parameters such as bending loss, mode field radius, beam divergence and effective area for serviceability of the sensor in the THz region. This sensor can be a very good candidate for various chemical detection as well as other applications in the terahertz regime.

Exploring Next-Generation Antenna Designs: A Literature Review on Antenna Design for 6G Applications

“…Topas Fabrication: The main process involved in manufacturing HDPE (High-Density Polyethylene) is producing the HDPE material itself. This material is commonly utilized for applications like antenna enclosures and support structures [33][34][35]. Authors by [9] made a polarizer from Topas material which was fabricated, with an HDPE lens incorporated on top of it.…”