Numerical Design and Experimental Hydraulic Testing of an Axial Flow Ventricular Assist Device for Infants and Children

Throckmorton, Amy L.; Untăroiu, Alexandrina; Allaire, Paul E.; Wood, Houston G.; Lim, D. Scott; McCulloch, Michael A.; Olsen, Don B.

doi:10.1097/mat.0b013e31815581ea

Cited by 36 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This group has previous experience in the design of impellers for ventricular assist devices 28 and has applied that knowledge-base to develop a new category of intravascular blood pumps for mechanical cavopulmonary assist. The basis of the pump design in this study originated, in part, from this prior work.…”

Section: Impeller Geometry and Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The k-e turbulence model has been used for several years in the evaluation of our prior pump designs with experimental validation. 28 Thus, this turbulence model was employed for this study as well.…”

Section: Numerical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This analysis involved collapsing the experimental and computational data into pressure coefficients and flow coefficients 28 :…”

Section: Hydraulic Test-rigmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28 Optimization of the blade geometry was performed through sequential parametric analysis in which CFD simulations provided valuable information about the impact of geometric adjustment on hydraulic performance and fluid stress levels. The findings for a given geometric adjustment served as the foundation, from which, to optimize the impeller design.…”

Section: Impeller Geometry and Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical, Hydraulic, and Hemolytic Evaluation of an Intravascular Axial Flow Blood Pump to Mechanically Support Fontan Patients

et al. 2010

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Currently available mechanical circulatory support systems are limited for adolescent and adult patients with a Fontan physiology. To address this growing need, we are developing a collapsible, percutaneously-inserted, axial flow blood pump to support the cavopulmonary circulation in Fontan patients. During the first phase of development, the design and experimental evaluation of an axial flow blood pump was performed. We completed numerical modeling of the pump using computational fluid dynamics analysis, hydraulic testing of a plastic pump prototype, and blood bag experiments (n=7) to measure the levels of hemolysis produced by the pump. Statistical analyses using regression were performed. The prototype with a 4-bladed impeller generated a pressure rise of 2-30 mmHg with a flow rate of 0.5-4 L/min for 3000-6000 RPM. A comparison of the experimental performance data to the numerical predictions demonstrated an excellent agreement with a maximum deviation being less than 6%. A linear increase in the plasma-free hemoglobin (pfHb) levels during the 6-h experiments was found, as desired. The maximum pfHb level was measured to be 21 mg/dL, and the average normalized index of hemolysis was determined to be 0.0097 g/100 L for all experiments. The hydraulic performance of the prototype and level of hemolysis are indicative of significant progress in the design of this blood pump. These results support the continued development of this intravascular pump as a bridge-to-transplant, bridge-to-recovery, bridge-to-hemodynamic stability, or bridge-to-surgical reconstruction for Fontan patients.

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Section: Impeller Geometry and Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Numerical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This analysis involved collapsing the experimental and computational data into pressure coefficients and flow coefficients 28 :…”

Section: Hydraulic Test-rigmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impeller Geometry and Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical, Hydraulic, and Hemolytic Evaluation of an Intravascular Axial Flow Blood Pump to Mechanically Support Fontan Patients

et al. 2010

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“…15 This approach, as described in Throckmorton et al, 15 involves the determination of nondimensional pressure and flow coefficients. The coefficients for each hydraulic data point were calculated and graphed to create a scatter plot.…”

Section: Performance Comparison Using Regressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Impeller Blades in an Axial Flow Pump for Intravascular Cavopulmonary Assistance of the Fontan Physiology

Throckmorton

Kapadia

Carr

et al. 2010

Cardiovasc Eng Tech

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An intravascular axial flow blood pump has suitable hydraulic characteristics for use to augment pressure in the cavopulmonary circulation in Fontan patients. This study presents the experimental hydraulic performance testing of six flexible-bladed and one rigid-bladed pump prototypes for mechanical cavopulmonary assist. Unique in design, six of these prototypes were manufactured using varying grades of polyurethane material to reduce blade hardness. The hydraulic performance of these prototypes were measured and quantitatively compared to a rigid-bladed prototype through a regression analysis. To shield the vessel wall from the rotating impeller blades, two novel protective cage designs were also evaluated for additional energy augmentation. The pumps with no protective cage produced pressure rises of 1-12 mmHg for flow rates of 0.5-4 L/min at rotational speeds of 4000-7000 rpm. The flexible-bladed prototypes generated pressure rises within 12% of the rigidbladed pump design. The most flexible prototype (F-15) was able to generate pressure rises within 4.1% of the rigidbladed impeller. The partially twisted and fully twisted protective cage designs also functioned as desired by augmenting energy transfer in range of 5-15 mmHg, respectively. This study dispels the assumption that rigid-impeller blades are absolutely necessary to maintain the pressure generation of rotary blood pumps and demonstrates the potential of uniquely shaped cage filaments to augment the energy transfer of an axial flow blood pump for mechanical cavopulmonary assistance. The successful development of this blood pump will provide clinicians with a therapeutic option for mechanically supporting the failing Fontan physiology in adolescent and adult patients.

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Computational Fluid Dynamics Models of Ventricular Assist Devices

May‐Newman

2009

Computational Cardiovascular Mechanics

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Numerical Design and Experimental Hydraulic Testing of an Axial Flow Ventricular Assist Device for Infants and Children

Cited by 36 publications

References 20 publications

Numerical, Hydraulic, and Hemolytic Evaluation of an Intravascular Axial Flow Blood Pump to Mechanically Support Fontan Patients

Numerical, Hydraulic, and Hemolytic Evaluation of an Intravascular Axial Flow Blood Pump to Mechanically Support Fontan Patients

Flexible Impeller Blades in an Axial Flow Pump for Intravascular Cavopulmonary Assistance of the Fontan Physiology

Computational Fluid Dynamics Models of Ventricular Assist Devices

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