Numerical Crashworthiness Simulation of Automotive Structures and Components Made of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Composite and Sandwich Assemblies

Experimental testing and phenomenological modelling of the fragmentation process of braided carbon/epoxy composite tubes under axial and oblique impact

“…Smeared degradation of the mechanical properties of the finite elements in the fragmentation zone, accompanied by time step dependent element elimination, has been used in simulation codes [10] to reduce these numerical effects. However, despite some older publications [11][12][13][14] and more recent applications reporting considerable success, e.g. [15], it is widely agreed that simulation of the fragmentation process requires improved finite element modelling that can better approximate the damage and fracture mechanisms that occur in the fragmentation zone.…”

Delamination Modeling of Composites for Improved Crash Analysis

“…Good correlations are obtained in many cases using models that do not fully capture all aspects of crushing damage observed experimentally, provided sufficient attention is given to the aspects of crushing that most directly control the response. Models of composite structures using in-plane damaging failure models [17] to represent crushing behavior have been used [7,[17][18][19][20]. These models appear to be effective for structures whose failure modes are governed by large-scale laminate failure and local instability.…”

Modeling and simulation for a drop-impact analysis of multi-layered printed circuit boards

“…Damage parameters are taken into account in this modeling. The bi-phase model [17,18] is first introduced due to a crash behavior study of a car made entirely in composite [19]. This model distinguishes the two elementary layer components: fibers (uni-dimensional phase) and matrix (orthotropic phase).…”