Numerical Convolution Technique in Analysing the Lightning Impulse Voltage Measuring System

Calibration Scheme of Impulse‐High‐Voltage Measuring System Traceable to National Standards of Japan

“…Although several formulas in calculating the output voltage of a voltage divider from its step-response waveform were proposed [13], (1) is employed because f (t) can be given in an analytical formula, and numerical differentiation, which sometimes causes instability of the numerical calculation, is avoided [14,15]. In this study, the input voltage waveforms are expressed by (2), the socalled double exponential function;…”

Long‐Term Stability of Reference Measuring System for Impulse High Voltage

“…Step-response parameters Although the stepresponse parameters may not have direct correlation to the error in measurements of impulse voltages [16,17], they are important in characterizing the dynamic behavior [1]. Furthermore, it is also applied for performance checks of dynamic behavior of the measuring system [1].…”

“…The impulse parameters of measured impulse voltage waveforms, namely the peak value, the front time, and the time to half value, are important, and are influenced by the step-response waveform. In this study, the convolution algorithm [17][18][19][20][21] is employed to calculate the output waveforms of the voltage divider for lightning impulse from the step-response waveforms in the virtual experiment of measuring lightning impulse voltages, to evaluate the error of measured impulse parameters. Application of a similar procedure to the measurement of switching impulse voltages is unpractical, because From the step-response waveform g(t) of a voltage divider, and the input voltage waveform f (t) to the voltage divider, the output voltage waveform y(t)can be calculated by the convolution integral of (1).…”

“…Application of a similar procedure to the measurement of switching impulse voltages is unpractical, because From the step-response waveform g(t) of a voltage divider, and the input voltage waveform f (t) to the voltage divider, the output voltage waveform y(t)can be calculated by the convolution integral of (1). Although several formulas in calculating the output voltage of a voltage divider from its step-response waveform by the convolution algorithm had been proposed [17], the formula of ( 1) is employed in this study. This is because f (t) can be given in analytical formula, therefore, numerical differentiation, which sometimes causes instability of the numerical calculation, is not necessary.…”