Numerical and experimental study of externally reinforced RC slabs using FRPs subjected to close-in blast loads.

Reifarth, Carlos; Castedo, Ricardo; Santos, Anastasio P.; Chiquito, María; López, Lina M.; Pérez-Caldentey, A.; Martínez-Almajano, Santiago; Alañón, Alejandro

doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2021.103939

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…An 18 × 18 mm mesh has been used for the shell (fibres), as in the solid elements, to have coincident nodes. These data are based on previous works already published by Castedo et al [12], Reifarth et al [19] and Alañón et al [26]. It should be noted that the model has been made in a complete manner, without taking advantage of any of the symmetries, due to the absence of one of the reinforcing bars (see Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Testsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…This was detected once the tests were done and due to the spalling of the concrete that left the reinforcement visible. See Reifarth et al [19] for more details.…”

Section: Experimental Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The failure limit must be defined based on the failure surface selected of the fourth available options, with the smooth failure surface being the final choice after several trials. An erosion parameter equal to -0.55 has been applied after intensive calibration (more details of the FRPs modelling [19]). Material properties are listed in Section 2.…”

Section: Experimental Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the load is simulated using the TNT equivalent, the technique based on numerous blast test (load blast enhanced (LBE)) can be applied [18]. Structural elements can be simulated in the same way with solid elements without considering the surrounding air (Lagrangian or SPH) [19] or taking it into account with ALE [20]. It seems obvious that SPH or ALE techniques involve more computational time and resources but depending on the case, their characteristics are basic for a good and useful simulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Full-Scale Reinforced Concrete Slabs With External Reinforced Polymer: Field Test and Numerical Comparison

Castedo

Santos

Reifarth

et al. 2022

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment

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Numerical simulation of reinforced concrete (RC) slabs with the addition of an external reinforced polymer (FRP) have been developed and compared with full scale real tests. The size of the slabs was 4.4 x 1.46 m, with a span of 4 m, and a thickness of 15 cm. The slabs were built using concrete of class C25/30, and B500C reinforcing steel. Seven tests were conducted, one at a scaled distance of 0.83 m/kg 1/3 , three at a scaled distance of 0.42 m/kg 1/3 , and three at 0.21 m/kg 1/3 . For the biggest scaled distance, the slab had no extra reinforcement. In the other two cases one of the slabs had no extra reinforcement, while the other two tests were performed with carbon fibre reinforcement (CFRP) and E-glass fibre reinforcement (GFRP) located on the face opposite to the blast. Numerical simulation was performed with LS-DYNA software. The study elements (concrete, steel and reinforcement) have been simulated in a Lagrangian formulation with solid elements, beam elements and shells, respectively. Three concrete models have been used and compared: CSCM, MAT72-R3 and RHT. As for the explosive, the CONWEP-based Load Blast Enhanced (LBE) card was used. Reinforcement with CFRP resulted in a generally reduced damage area on both surfaces. All models show a good correlation with the test results and a non-destructive damage estimation technique when comparing them in terms of damage area.

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Section: Experimental Testsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…This was detected once the tests were done and due to the spalling of the concrete that left the reinforcement visible. See Reifarth et al [19] for more details.…”

Section: Experimental Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Full-Scale Reinforced Concrete Slabs With External Reinforced Polymer: Field Test and Numerical Comparison

Castedo

Santos

Reifarth

et al. 2022

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment

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“…It is therefore legitimate to question the effect of the explosion on the surrounding buildings, particularly with respect to the safety and construction materials used in that area. To a large extent, because of recurrent explosions in metropolitan areas, the blast community is increasing its attention on the protection of existing buildings, which are often built with the most common construction materials, such as masonry or poorly reinforced concrete [32][33][34]. From the blast-response standpoint, unreinforced masonry (as in the case reported herein) has a very brittle behavior under blast loads [15,34], which arguably explains the considerable quantity of debris generated during the explosion, as well as a large number of victims in the surrounding.…”

Section: Safety Of Surrounding Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief Report on the Explosion on 13 June 2021 at a Market in Shiyan, China

Wang

Njock

Zhao

2021

Safety

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A huge gas explosion occurred on 13 June 2021 in Shiyan City, China, resulting in 25 casualties and serious injuries to 37 people. The main victims of this explosion were stall keepers and customers buying breakfast and fresh vegetables in the food market. There is a continuous need to enhance the understanding of such unfortunate events, given the dangers they pose. This study analyzes the causes of this accident considering the general background and scenes of the explosion, and then describes the rescue operations undertaken. The investigation results revealed that the explosion was caused by the poor maintenance of gas facilities and negligence of safety regulations. It is, therefore, recommended that the control of these two main aspects be strengthened to reduce the recurrence of such unfortunate accidents.

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Experimental verification of full‐scale silo structure demolition: Investigating successive column removal with finite element method and progressive collapse simulation through blast load

Yuzbasi

2024

Structural Concrete

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This article presents an experimental and numerical study of the collapse behavior of a 60‐m‐high cement silo structure under blast loading, analyzed using SAP2000 (FEM‐NDA) and LS‐DYNA (FEM‐NDA‐explicit code) models to simulate the collapse mechanism. Considering the seismic events in Kahramanmaras, Turkiye, on February 6, 2023, with magnitudes of 7.8 and 7.6, the necessity for the explosive demolition of hundreds of thousands of structures has underscored the urgency of rapid planning. This situation requires a particular focus on the expeditious analysis of demolition methodologies. The study includes pre‐planning stages, sudden column removals and the detonation of columns with blast loads for the controlled demolition of a full‐scale existing silo structure. To overturn the structure, the columns inside the wedge region were suddenly removed using SAP2000 nonlinear dynamic analysis (NDA) to understand the subsequent load redistribution. A study was conducted to compare the use of shell and plate elements in SAP2000 for a 1‐m‐thick wall silo. The results showed that using shell elements provided relatively closer results to real values than plate elements. For the explicit analysis part, the structural components were modeled as solid materials, and columns were detonated with blast loads. The models and actual demolition frame‐by‐frame results of the structure were compared, and the numerical model's accuracy was validated using experimental data from stationary cameras and drones, with the explicit analysis results found to be in agreement. While explicit analysis yielded results more in line with real data, SAP2000 NDA provided relatively distant results, although SAP2000‐NDA was more time‐efficient compared to explicit analysis models. However, a preliminary evaluation can be made if the characteristics of both programs are understood. The documented information on full‐scale structure demolition and findings presented in this paper will serve as a resource for future studies and provide a reference for researchers.

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Numerical and experimental study of externally reinforced RC slabs using FRPs subjected to close-in blast loads.

Cited by 36 publications

References 44 publications

Full-Scale Reinforced Concrete Slabs With External Reinforced Polymer: Field Test and Numerical Comparison

Full-Scale Reinforced Concrete Slabs With External Reinforced Polymer: Field Test and Numerical Comparison

A Brief Report on the Explosion on 13 June 2021 at a Market in Shiyan, China

Experimental verification of full‐scale silo structure demolition: Investigating successive column removal with finite element method and progressive collapse simulation through blast load

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