Numerical and experimental study of the fluid flow through a medical device

Nicolás, M.; Palero, Virginia; Peña, Estefanía; Arroyo, M. P.; Martı́nez, Miguel Ángel; Malvè, Mauro

doi:10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2014.12.013

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be considered a powerful tool for studying blood flow in the vena cava, starting from medical images in the absence and presence of filters. Local hemodynamics with clot capturing can be used to improve clinical techniques, being easy, flexible and reproducible numerical models, which are complementary to current in vitro efforts [4,24]. These models are able to generate detailed and comprehensive information of the relevant flow variables, which are normally not easy to obtain in vitro or in vivo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of a Commercial Antithrombotic Filter on the Caval Blood Flow During Neutra and Valsalva Maneuver

Nicolás

Lucea

Laborda

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Devices

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Anticoagulants are the treatment of choice for pulmonary embolism. When these fail or are contraindicated, vena cava filters are effective devices for preventing clots from the legs from migrating to the lung. Many uncertainties exist when a filter is inserted, especially during physiological activity such as normal breathing and the Valsalva maneuver. These activities are often connected with filter migration and vena cava damage due to the various related vein geometrical configurations. In this work, we analyzed the response of the vena cava during normal breathing and Valsalva maneuver, for a healthy vena cava and after insertion of a commercial Günther-Tulip® filter. Validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and patient specific data are used for analyzing blood flow inside the vena cava during these maneuvers. While during normal breathing, the vena cava flow can be considered almost stationary with a very low pressure gradient, during Valsalva the extravascular pressure compresses the vena cava resulting in a drastic reduction of the vein section, a global flow decrease through the cava but increasing the velocity magnitude. This change in the section is altered by the presence of the filter which forces the section of the vena cava before the renal veins to keep open. The effect of the presence of the filter is investigated during these maneuvers showing changes in wall shear stress and velocity patterns.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of a Commercial Antithrombotic Filter on the Caval Blood Flow During Neutra and Valsalva Maneuver

Nicolás

Lucea

Laborda

et al. 2017

Journal of Medical Devices

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“…Recent works of Aycock et al (9,15,16) continue to demonstrate that positioning of IVC filters affects their efficacy in emboli trapping. Further, others have investigated CFD modeling of patient specific and idealized vena cava designs in the presence of different IVC filters to show their effectiveness (23)(24)(25)(26)(27).…”

Section: Ivc Filter Positioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational evaluation of inferior vena cava filters through computational fluid dynamics methods

Rajan

Makary

Martyn

et al. 2021

Diagn Interv Radiol

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A dvanced computing technology increasingly allows the expeditious calculation of solutions to complex problems. Three-dimensional (3D) finite element modeling and computational fluid dynamics, although historically time consuming and expensive, are becoming more accessible and thus more frequently utilized in improving medical devices (1).Finite element analysis (FEA) involves first modeling the system being analyzed with discrete elements, each of which allows for the variable being studied (e.g., stress, temperature, flow) to be approximated within its domain. After modeling is complete, a numerical matrix is assembled, which represents both the properties of the individual elements and the inter-relationships between the surrounding elements. Finally, known constraints on the problem (e.g., internal pressures) are applied as boundary conditions, and numerical techniques are used to solve the system of equations represented by the matrix. This solution leads to an approximation of the variable being studied (Fig. 1). This method is particularly useful for finding solutions in complex geometries for which closed-form solutions may not exist. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a similar numerical technique used to estimate the behavior of fluids in complex geometries. CFD can be used to model blood flow through the vasculature and around intravascular devices to aid in decision making (2). Computational methods are typically less time-consuming and more cost-effective than some of the current alternatives to testing medical devices in vitro.Today, 3D simulation is used for designing, positioning, and testing devices (3). One such device is the inferior vena cava (IVC) filter, used to trap emboli from the lower extremities when medical anticoagulation is contraindicated. Complications of IVC filter placement include cava wall perforation, intimal hyperplasia, thrombosis, strut fracture, and embolization. Understanding the dynamic environment that IVC filters are placed in, in a patient-specific manner, could potentially decrease the occurrences of these complications (Fig. 2). Evaluating credibility of CFD in medical device designComplex CFD methods have the potential to change how we practice patient centered medicine; however, they must first be shown to accurately reflect the scenarios that they model. The reliability of these methods must be verified before they can be used to affect biomedical design and clinical practice. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) recently released the V&V 40, a set of standards that outlines a framework to assess ABSTRACT Numerical simulation is growing in its importance toward the design, testing and evaluation of medical devices. Computational fluid dynamics and finite element analysis allow improved calculation of stress, heat transfer, and flow to better understand the medical device environment. Current research focuses not only on improving medical devices, but also on improving the computational tools themselves. As methods and computer technology allow ...

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“…Several researchers investigated, either experimentally or computationally, how the presence of IVC filters affects the flow in simplified straight tube geometries. () These studies aimed to detect low‐pressure regions in the flow and areas with high wall shear stress (WSS) levels either in the tube wall or in the filter surfaces. The recent studies of Aycock et al() with one particular IVC filter model have brought to light that the use of an IVC geometry model based on a real patient predicts more extremal values of pressure‐drop and WSS than the ones predicted by simplified or patient‐averaged IVC models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative CFD study of four inferior vena cava filters

López

Fortuny

Puigjaner

et al. 2018

Numer Methods Biomed Eng

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Computational fluid dynamics was used to simulate the flow of blood within an inferior vena cava (IVC) geometry model that was reconstructed from computed tomography images obtained from a real patient. The main novelty of the present work is that we simulated the implantation of 4 different filter models in this realistic IVC geometry. We considered different blood flow rates in the range between V =20 and V =80 cm /s, and all simulations were performed with both the Newtonian and a non-Newtonian model for the blood viscosity. We compared the hemodynamics performance of the different filter models, and we paid a special attention to the total drag force, F , exerted by the blood flow on the filter surface. This force is the sum of 2 contributions: the viscous skin friction force, which was found to be roughly proportional to the filter surface area, and the pressure force, which depended on the particular filter geometry design. The F force is relevant because it must be balanced by the total force exerted by the filter hooks/struts on the IVC wall at the attachment locations. For the highest V value investigated, the variation in F among filters was from 116 to 308 dyne. We also showed how the present results can be extrapolated to obtain good estimates of the drag forces if the blood viscosity levels change, ie, if the patient with a filter implanted is treated with anticoagulant therapy.

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Numerical and experimental study of the fluid flow through a medical device

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Influence of a Commercial Antithrombotic Filter on the Caval Blood Flow During Neutra and Valsalva Maneuver

Influence of a Commercial Antithrombotic Filter on the Caval Blood Flow During Neutra and Valsalva Maneuver

Computational evaluation of inferior vena cava filters through computational fluid dynamics methods

A comparative CFD study of four inferior vena cava filters

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