Numerical and experimental studies of gas flow in a particulate filter

Cooper, Jonathan D.; Liu, L.; Ramskill, N.P.; Watling, Timothy C.; York, Andrew P. E.; Stitt, E. Hugh; Sederman, Andrew J.; Gladden, Lynn F.

doi:10.1016/j.ces.2019.115179

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The highest pressure difference (and thus also the highest flow rate through the wall) is observed near the outlet plug, the lowest pressure difference appears in the middle, and there is a secondary maximum near the inlet plug. This is in line with the velocity profile recently detected by magnetic resonance imaging 58 as well as with detailed 3D CFD calculations of the flow in filter channels. 59 The asymmetric nature of the profile is caused by the inertial term in gas momentum balances 3 and 4.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Multiscale Modeling and Analysis of Pressure Drop Contributions in Catalytic Filters

Leskovjan

Němec

Plachá

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Catalytic monolith filters with a honeycomb structure represent a key component of modern automotive exhaust gas aftertreatment systems. In this paper, we present and validate a multiscale modeling methodology for the prediction of filter pressure loss depending on the monolith channel geometry as well as the microscopic structure of the wall including catalytic coating. The approach is based on the combination of a 3D pore-scale model of flow through the wall reconstructed from X-ray tomography and a 1D+1D model of the filter channels. Several cordierite and SiC filter samples with varying substrate pore sizes and catalyst distributions are examined. A series of experiments are performed at different gas flow rates and filter lengths in order to validate the model predictions and to distinguish individual pressure drop contributions (inlet and outlet, channel, and wall). The predicted pressure drop shows a strong impact of the coating location and agrees well with the experiments.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Multiscale Modeling and Analysis of Pressure Drop Contributions in Catalytic Filters

Leskovjan

Němec

Plachá

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…These authors suggested this upper bond, since higher Re w generated an unphysical behavior and no fully developed solution in their detailed calculation, was possible. Cooper et al compared the calculation of Bissett et al with magnetic resonance imaging measurements of the gas flow in a filter. Despite a large error for the friction factor at the front of the inlet channel due to the nondeveloped flow at high Reynolds numbers, the model prediction for the axial wall velocity profile is in good agreement with the measurements …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite a large error for the friction factor at the front of the inlet channel due to the nondeveloped flow at high Reynolds numbers, the model prediction for the axial wall velocity profile is in good agreement with the measurements. 42 The channel velocity v j is calculated using the continuity equation:…”

Section: ■ Numerical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended Model for Filtration in Gasoline Particulate Filters under Practical Driving Conditions

Walter

Neumann

Hinrichsen

2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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In order to reliably predict the particle number filtration of gasoline particulate filters (GPF) under practical driving conditions, an extension to established filtration models is developed. For the validation of this approach and in order to close a gap of available measurement data at high space velocity in the literature, the particle-size-resolved fresh filtration efficiency of seven different cordierite filters is determined experimentally. Moreover, the experiments on a dynamic engine test bench focus on the impact of the pore-size distribution and the filter wall thickness under steady-state as well as transient, cold-start conditions. In order to model all trends observed, a new correlation for the particle collection due to inertial deposition is proposed and embedded in a heterogeneous multiscale model framework for a GPF. The presented approach can predict all trends observed in the measurements, including a stabilization of the filtration efficiency with increasing space velocities above a certain level. A comparison of several modeling approaches reveals the partly different behaviors at varying space velocities for the here presented model as well as for established filtration models.

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“…The coefficient β and the friction coefficient C f ( Re w ) are interpolated using the tables provided by Bissett et al The wall Reynolds number Re w has an upper bound of three as recommended in the literature. , The channels are coupled via Darcy’s law (). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Catalytic Performance of Coated Gasoline Particulate Filters under Various Operating Conditions

Walter

Neumann

Hinrichsen

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Coated gasoline particulate filters (cGPFs) can reduce gaseous as well as particulate emissions with the same device. However, their more complex design compared to conventional open monoliths requires accurate models in the development phase. We therefore present a new global kinetic model for cGPFs considering standard three-way catalyst reactions and extend it with the impact of lean–rich cycling, referred to as dithering. Submodels are introduced for the oxygen storage and for the extent of oxidation of the active centers. Therefore, the model captures the enhanced conversion of the catalyst under various dithering as well as steady-state conditions. Several steady-state and transient experiments were conducted on a specially equipped dynamic engine test bench in order to calibrate the approach. The proposed model accurately predicts the tailpipe emissions released in a worldwide harmonized light vehicles test procedure driving cycle that is not part of the original calibration data.

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Numerical and experimental studies of gas flow in a particulate filter

Cited by 16 publications

References 46 publications

Multiscale Modeling and Analysis of Pressure Drop Contributions in Catalytic Filters

Multiscale Modeling and Analysis of Pressure Drop Contributions in Catalytic Filters

Extended Model for Filtration in Gasoline Particulate Filters under Practical Driving Conditions

Modeling the Catalytic Performance of Coated Gasoline Particulate Filters under Various Operating Conditions

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