Numerical and experimental analysis of wind erosion on a sinusoidal pile

Ferreira, Almerindo D.; Farimani, Amir Barati; Sousa, António C.M.

doi:10.1007/s10652-010-9168-x

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The piles used in the experiments are made out of relatively fine sand characterized by a prevailing grain diameter (d) of approximately 0.5 mm, as reported in Ferreira et al (2011). The dry bulk sand density, measured for this specific granulometry, is approximately equal to 1500 kg/m 3 , while each sand grain has a density equal to the quartz, taken here as ρ s = 2650 kg/m 3 .…”

Section: Sand Characterization and Threshold Wind Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ferreira et al (2011) studied a similar pile of H = 75 mm and with a single pile configuration, where the profile of the pile was measured continuously, i.e., without stopping the wind tunnel at discrete time instants Farimani et al (2011). modeled computationally the time deformation of a single sinusoidal pile of H = 75 mm without considering the influence of any other pile.For the pile set-up the profile is extruded normal to its plane with a width of 1 m, as shown inFigs.…”

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A wind tunnel study of wind erosion and profile reshaping of transverse sand piles in tandem

Ferreira¹,

Fino²

2012

Geomorphology

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Section: Sand Characterization and Threshold Wind Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

A wind tunnel study of wind erosion and profile reshaping of transverse sand piles in tandem

Ferreira¹,

Fino²

2012

Geomorphology

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“…Therefore, piles with different shapes, heights, and configurations have varying, usually much higher, erosion or dust emission potentials compared to a flat surface (Badr and Harion 2007;Furieri et al 2014;Toraño et al 2007). Numerical simulations (usually computational fluid dynamics [CFD]) provide an excellent tool to test the effect of pile shape, configuration, and of any neighboring obstacles or piles on the redistribution of air flow pattern Harion 2005, 2007;Diego et al 2009;Farimani et al 2011;Ferreira et al 2011;Furieri et al 2014;Toraño et al 2007Toraño et al , 2009 Harion 2009, 2010). Use of CFD methods provides many advantages over field studies and wind tunnel experiments, and CFD delivers high-resolution results, has the capability to resolve the complexity of wind flow, and has high flexibility (Badr and Harion 2007;Smyth 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amplification factors to estimate wind erosion of piles of soil with different heights: Numerical simulation and structure-from-motion photogrammetry verification

Liu¹,

Qu²,

Ning³

2018

Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

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Abstract:In this study, we propose amplification factors of single conical piles with different heights and sizes to describe wind erosion acceleration effects of piles compared to flat erodible surfaces. It is not difficult using traditional wind erosion models to estimate wind erosion of flat agricultural land or pastoral surfaces. However, in the current form these models cannot be used for elevated surfaces such as dunes or piles, which may lead to more serious dust emission and air pollution. A computational fluid dynamics simulation was used to refine a wind erosion estimation method of pile from the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) by dividing the pile surface into multiple subareas with constant wind speed for each subarea and then obtaining ratios of pile erosion to the corresponding flat surface by calculating the total erosion rate of the pile and that of a flat surface with the same floor area. The ratios as amplification factors, E amp , for six pile sizes (from 1 to 12 m) and five wind speed scenarios covering most erosive daily wind speeds from 824 stations throughout China were analyzed and fitted to equations to enable consideration of other heights and wind speed conditions. The changing patterns of the factors were verified using experimental surveys of two plots via the structure-from-motion photogrammetry method, which generated high-resolution digital elevation maps and detected detailed erosion changes. The erosion from a stockpile surface was found to be 2.52 to 7.16 times that from a flat surface with the same floor area, and the influence of pile height on amplification factor could be expressed by a logarithmic equation. These factors can be easily applied to estimate pile erosion by multiplying them by wind erosion results for flat surfaces obtained from other indexes or models. The procedure described in this paper can be extended to consider amplification or reduction effects of dunes, hills, piles, pits, and gullies with different shapes or configurations in relation to wind erosion. Furthermore, the reliability of wind erosion estimation over complex surfaces can be improved to implement specific soil conservation practices.Key words: computational fluid dynamics-Dunhuang-pile-structure-from-motion photogrammetry-wind erosion Wind erosion produces suspended particles from erodible surfaces and causes air pollution, land degradation, and human health problems. The impact of wind erosion is significant in areas severely affected by poor air quality, such as northern China. The effects of terrain obstructions like dunes or piles on modifying wind speed and wind erosion have long been identified (Bagnold 1941; Stunder and Arya 1988;Sullivan and Ajwa 2011). Several models have been developed and improved to estimate wind erosion from agricultural, pastoral, and, sometimes, human disturbed surfaces (Alfaro and Gomes 2001;Hagen 2001;Tatarko et al. 2016;Wagner 2013;Zhang et al. 2017). However, there are no models capable of estimating wind erosion from elevated surfaces because ...

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“…Moreover, the transport of soil particles by one type of erosion can be accelerated by the other type (Pedersen and Hasholt, 1995;Erpul et al, 2002). Wind erosion can lead to the loss of fine soil particles and an increase in soil roughness (Zhao et al, 2006;Ferreira et al, 2011), which can turn slow overland flows into supercritical flows that may increase the potential for scouring by water (Romkens et al, 2001;Gomez and Nearing, 2005).…”

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Interactions between wind and water erosion change sediment yield and particle distribution under simulated conditions

Tuo

Zhao

et al. 2015

J. Arid Land

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Wind and water erosion are among the most important causes of soil loss, and understanding their interactions is important for estimating soil quality and environmental impacts in regions where both types of erosion occur. We used a wind tunnel and simulated rainfall to study sediment yield, particle-size distribution and the fractal dimension of the sediment particles under wind and water erosion. The experiment was conducted with wind erosion firstly and water erosion thereafter, under three wind speeds (0, 11 and 14 m/s) and three rainfall intensities (60, 80 and 100 mm/h). The results showed that the sediment yield was positively correlated with wind speed and rainfall intensity (P<0.01). Wind erosion exacerbated water erosion and increased sediment yield by 7.25%-38.97% relative to the absence of wind erosion. Wind erosion changed the sediment particle distribution by influencing the micro-topography of the sloping land surface. The clay, silt and sand contents of eroded sediment were also positively correlated with wind speed and rainfall intensity (P<0.01). Wind erosion increased clay and silt contents by 0.35%-19.60% and 5.80%-21.10%, respectively, and decreased sand content by 2.40%-8.33%, relative to the absence of wind erosion. The effect of wind erosion on sediment particles became weaker with increasing rainfall intensities, which was consistent with the variation in sediment yield. However, particle-size distribution was not closely correlated with sediment yield (P>0.05). The fractal dimension of the sediment particles was significantly different under different intensities of water erosion (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found under wind and water erosion. The findings reported in this study implicated that both water and wind erosion should be controlled to reduce their intensifying effects, and the controlling of wind erosion could significantly reduce water erosion in this wind-water erosion crisscross region.

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Numerical and experimental analysis of wind erosion on a sinusoidal pile

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

A wind tunnel study of wind erosion and profile reshaping of transverse sand piles in tandem

A wind tunnel study of wind erosion and profile reshaping of transverse sand piles in tandem

Amplification factors to estimate wind erosion of piles of soil with different heights: Numerical simulation and structure-from-motion photogrammetry verification

Interactions between wind and water erosion change sediment yield and particle distribution under simulated conditions

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