Numerical analysis on the effect of voltage change on removing condensed water inside the GDL of a PEM fuel cell

Lee, Nam Woo; Kim, Young Sang; Kim, Min Soo

doi:10.1007/s12206-016-0852-8

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It should be noted that for applications like air fuel cells there will be consumption of oxygen at the catalyst layer, which has to be replenished. This can be done in part by diffusion but necessarily also at least in part by the so-called Stefan flow [61][62][63] as described in the appendix on the Stefan Velocity. In such cases, j w ¯will actually be lower than the one calculated using Eq.…”

Section: Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analytical Model for Liquid and Gas Diffusion Layers in Electrolyzers and Fuel Cells

Rajora

Haverkort

2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The diffusion layer is a crucial part of most fuel cells and electrolyzers. We analytically solve a simplified set of visco-capillary equations for the gas and liquid saturation profiles inside such layers. Contrary to existing numerical simulations, this approach allows us to obtain general scaling relations. We derive simple explicit equations for the limiting current density associated with reactant starvation, flooding, and membrane dehydration, including the effect of fluid properties, contact angle, tortuosity, and the pore size distribution. This is the first explicit, extensive and thorough analytical modeling framework for the two-phase transport in an electrochemical cell that provides useful insights into the performance characteristics of the diffusion layer. A more even pore size distribution generally allows higher currents. Explicit expressions for the minimum pore size and maximum layer thickness show that modern diffusion layers are typically well-designed.

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Section: Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analytical Model for Liquid and Gas Diffusion Layers in Electrolyzers and Fuel Cells

Rajora

Haverkort

2021

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…From the position of model-based methodologies, the problem of water management has been diagnosed considering models that involve multi-scale methods solved by electric circuits, numerical simulations [7][8][9], use of VOF in CFD, method of Lattice-Boltzmann, Eulerian-Lagrangian method (Eulerian for air and Lagrangian for water), neutron imaging technique, magnetic resonance imaging technique, and Kalman filter. Water management has been modelled in a stationary, dynamic, isobaric, and non-isobaric way [10][11][12][13], developing experimental techniques to predict its parameters and determine the distributions of water, gas, and of temperature in the PEMFC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fuzzy Model to Manage Water in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

Rubio

Agila

2021

Processes

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In this paper, a fuzzy model is presented to determine in real-time the degree of dehydration or flooding of a proton exchange membrane of a fuel cell, to optimize its electrical response, and, consequently, its autonomous operation. By applying load, current, and flux variations in the dry, normal, and flooded states of the membrane, it was determined that the temporal evolution of the fuel cell voltage is characterized by changes in slope and by its voltage oscillations. The results were validated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and show slope changes from 0.435 to 0.52 and oscillations from 3.6 to 5.2 mV in the dry state, and slope changes from 0.2 to 0.3 and oscillations from 1 to 2 mV in the flooded state. The use of fuzzy logic is a novelty and constitutes a step towards the progressive automation of the supervision, perception, and intelligent control of fuel cells, allowing them to reduce their risks and increase their economic benefits.

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Wettability characterization of pore networks of gas diffusion layers in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Lee

2017

J Mech Sci Technol

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Numerical analysis on the effect of voltage change on removing condensed water inside the GDL of a PEM fuel cell

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

An Analytical Model for Liquid and Gas Diffusion Layers in Electrolyzers and Fuel Cells

An Analytical Model for Liquid and Gas Diffusion Layers in Electrolyzers and Fuel Cells

A Fuzzy Model to Manage Water in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

Wettability characterization of pore networks of gas diffusion layers in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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