Numerical Analysis of the Hydrodynamic Ram Phenomenon in Aircraft Fuel Tanks

Varas, D.; López-Puente, J.; Zaera, R.

doi:10.2514/1.j051613

Cited by 33 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Focusing on impact loads, it is easy to find situations in which a part of a structure can be subjected to an impact of a foreign object. Some examples could happen during take off and landing (due to runaway debris), in case of uncontained engine rotor failure, bird strike and, in particular, impact of ice [1]. The ice from hail could impact the aircraft when passing through a storm, but also the ice that is produced in convex parts such as leading edges could be released and impact to the aircraft structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Analysis of Ice Impact Process at High Velocity

et al. 2015

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P e r n a s -S á n c h e z , J . ; A r t e r o -G u e r r e r o , J . A . ; V a r a s , D . ; L ó p e z -P u e n t e , J . ( 2 0 1 5 ) . "A n a l y s i s o f I c e Im p a c t P r o c e s s a t H i g h V e l o c i t y " . E x p e r im e n t a l M e c h a n i c s , v . 5 5 , I s s u e 9 , J u l y , p p . 1 6 6 9 -1 6 7 9 . DO I : 1 0 . 1 0 0 7 / s 1 1 3 4 0 -0 1 5 -0 0 6 7 -4 © S o c i e t y f o r E x p e r im e n t a l M e c h a n i c s 2 0 1 5 P r o y e c t o D P I 2 0 1 3 -4 1 0 9 4 -R A n a l y s i s o f I c e Im p a c t P r o c e s s a t H ig h V e l o c i t y J . P e r n a s -S á n c h e z 1 · J .A . A r t e r o -G u e r r e r o 1 · D . V a r a s 1 · J . L ó p e z -P u e n t e 1 A b s t r a c t: I n t h i s w o r k t h e h i g h v e l o c i t y im p a c t o f i c e s p h e r e s i s a n a l y s e d . A n e x p e r im e n t a l m e t h o d o l o g y h a s b e e n d e v e l o p e d i n o r d e r t o l a u n c h , a t h i g h v e l o c i t y , i c e s p h e r e s o f d i f f e r e n t d i am e t e r s a g a i n s t a l o a d c e l l t o m e a s u r e t h e f o r c e i n d u c e d d u r i n g t h e im p a c t . A n a n a l y s i s o f t h e i n f l u -e n c e o f t h e i c e m a s s o n t h e im p a c t f o r c e i s a c c om p l i s h e d u s i n g t h e c o n t a c t f o r c e w h i c h w a s c a l c u l a t e d b y m e a n s o f a n i n v e r s e p r o b l em t e c h n i q u e . F i n a l l y a s t u d y o f t h e im p a c t p h e n om e n o n h a s b e e n p e r f o rm e d u s i n g t h e v i d e o s o b t a i n e d w i t h a h i g h s p e e dc am e r a . K ey wo r d s : I c e b e h a v i o u r ; H i g h v e l o c i t y im p a c t ; H ig h s t r a i n r a t e ; E x p e r im e n t a l ; C o n t a c t f o r c e I n t r o d u c t i o n D u r i n g i t s s e r v i c e l i f e , a i r c r a f t s t r u c t u r e s c o u l d b e s u b j e c t e d t o d i f f e r e n t k i n d o f l o a d s . F o c u s i n g o n im p a c t l o a d s , i t i s T h i s r e s e a r c h w a s d o n e w i t h t h e f i n a n c i a l s u p p o r t o f t h e S p a n i s h M i n i s t r y o f E d u c a t i o n u n d e r P r o j e c t r e f e r e n c e D P I 2 0 1 3 -4 1 0 9 4 -R .J . Ĺ o p e z -P u e n t e j l p u e n t e@ i n g . u c 3m . e s J . P e r n a s -Ś a n c h e z j p e r n a s@ i n g . u c 3m . e s J .A . A r t e r o -G u e r r e r o j a r t e r o@ i n g . u c 3m . e s D . V a r a s d v a r a s@ i n g . u c 3m . e s

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Analysis of Ice Impact Process at High Velocity

et al. 2015

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“…The simulation of coupled problems of fluid-structure interaction such as HRAM added to the modelling of carbon fiber composites, has been proven to be a complicated task and is still quite challenging [51,50]. The suitability and predictive …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical analysis of CFRP fluid-filled tubes subjected to high-velocity impact

Artero-Guerrero

Pernas-Sánchez

Varas

et al. 2013

Composite Structures

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In recent years, vulnerability against high-velocity impact loads has become an increasingly critical issue in the design of composite aerospace structures. The effects of Hydrodynamic Ram (HRAM), a phenomenon that occurs when a high-energy object penetrates a fluid-filled container, are of particular concern in the design of wing fuel tanks for aircraft because it has been identified as one of the important factors in aircraft vulnerability. The projectile transfers its momentum and kinetic energy through the fluid to the surrounding structure, increasing the risk of catastrophic failure. In the present paper, the commercial finite-element code * Corresponding author. Fax number: 34 916248331. E-mail address:jlpuente@ing.uc3m.es 1 ABAQUS/Explicit has been used to simulate an HRAM event due to the impact of a steel spherical projectile into a water-filled woven CFRP square tube. In order to simulate the fluid-structure interaction, the Coupled Eulerian Lagrangian (CEL) approach is used. Experimental tests which indicate the pressure at different points of the fluid, strains of the walls and cavity evolution for different impact velocities are compared with the numerical results in order to assess the validity and accuracy of CEL technique in reproducing such a complex phenomenon. Also, several numerical impacts at different initial projectile velocities are performed to study its influence in the HRAM phenomenon.

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“…Some recent examples of aircraft hydrodynamic ram analyses include simulations of aircraft wing penetration and detonation by the present authors [3] and modeling projectile damage in transport aircraft wing structures [4]. Verification tests range from the investigation of hydrodynamic ram parameters, such as the fluid pressure [5], to the study of hydrodynamic ram on a rectangular prism-shaped water tank [6]. Based on these past achievements, the outcomes of the studies on composite structures have been introduced in recent years [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Test of Hydrodynamic Ram in Welded Metallic Water Tanks

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Jun³

2015

International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences

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Analysis and test of hydrodynamic ram in welded metallic tanks containing water were performed to investigate the phenomena and to understand the effects on the resulting structural behavior. Arbitrary Lagrange-Euler coupling method was used for the analysis of the fluid-structure interaction occurring in the hydrodynamic ram, where the projectile, tank, and water are exchanging load, momentum, and energy during the traveling of the projectile through the water of the tank. For a better representation of the physical phenomena, modeling of the welded edges is added to the analysis to simulate the earlier weld line fracture and its influence on the resulting hydrodynamic ram behavior. Corresponding hydrodynamic tests were performed in a modified gas gun facility, and the following panel-based examinations of various parameters, such as displacement, velocity, stress, and energy, as well as hydrodynamic ram pressure show that the analysis and test are well correlated, and thus the results of the study reasonably explain the characteristics of the hydrodynamic ram. The methodology and procedures of the present study are applicable to the hydrodynamic ram assessment of airframe survivability design concepts.

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Numerical Analysis of the Hydrodynamic Ram Phenomenon in Aircraft Fuel Tanks

Cited by 33 publications

References 35 publications

Analysis of Ice Impact Process at High Velocity

Analysis of Ice Impact Process at High Velocity

Numerical analysis of CFRP fluid-filled tubes subjected to high-velocity impact

Analysis and Test of Hydrodynamic Ram in Welded Metallic Water Tanks

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