“…By using the SAMs, a wide range of frictional contact problems were well solved with satisfactory numerical efficiency, for example, coated material, 34,36 rough surface, 37,38 elasto-plastic material, 39,40 material with inhomogeneities, 19,41 and torsional contact. 42,43 The present study focuses on the influence of distributed inhomogeneities on the tangential fretting performance. The SAM proposed in our recent work for solving partial slip contact under a tangential force and a twisting moment is utilized.…”