Numerical Analysis of a Pulsed Compact LTD System for Electron Beam-Driven Radiography

Rose, D. V.; Welch, D. R.; Oliver, B.V.; Leckbee, Joshua J.; Maenchen, J.E.; Johnson, D.L.; Kim, A.A.; Kovalchuk, B. M.; Sinebryukhov, V.A.

doi:10.1109/tps.2006.881297

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…ises to be, at a given pinch current and implosion time, more efficient and reliable. Seminal work by Kovalchuk et al [80,83,88,92], Bastrikov et al [81,90], Kim et al [74,82,85,87,89,91,94,101], McDaniel and Spielman [84], Mazarakis et al [76,79,86,102], Rose et al [93,100], Vizir et al [95], Leckbee et al [96,97,99], and Rogowski et al [98] have led to impressive advances in LTD technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Architecture of petawatt-classz-pinch accelerators

Stygar

Cuneo

Headley³

et al. 2007

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

212

128

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We have developed an accelerator architecture that can serve as the basis of the design of petawatt-class z-pinch drivers. The architecture has been applied to the design of two z-pinch accelerators, each of which can be contained within a 104-m-diameter cylindrical tank. One accelerator is driven by slow ( 1 s) Marx generators, which are a mature technology but which necessitate significant pulse compression to achieve the short pulses ( 1 s) required to drive z pinches. The other is powered by linear transformer drivers (LTDs), which are less mature but produce much shorter pulses than conventional Marxes. Consequently, an LTD-driven accelerator promises to be (at a given pinch current and implosion time) more efficient and reliable. The Marx-driven accelerator produces a peak electrical power of 500 TW and includes the following components: (i) 300 Marx generators that comprise a total of 1:8 10 4 capacitors, store 98 MJ, and erect to 5 MV; (ii) 600 water-dielectric triplate intermediate-store transmission lines, which also serve as pulse-forming lines; (iii) 600 5-MV laser-triggered gas switches; (iv) three monolithic radial-transmission-line impedance transformers, with triplate geometries and exponential impedance profiles; (v) a 6-level 5.5-m-diameter 15-MV vacuum insulator stack; (vi) six magnetically insulated vacuum transmission lines (MITLs); and (vii) a triple-post-hole vacuum convolute that adds the output currents of the six MITLs, and delivers the combined current to a z-pinch load. The accelerator delivers an effective peak current of 52 MA to a 10-mm-length z pinch that implodes in 95 ns, and 57 MA to a pinch that implodes in 120 ns. The LTD-driven accelerator includes monolithic radial transformers and a MITL system similar to those described above, but does not include intermediate-store transmission lines, multimegavolt gas switches, or a laser trigger system. Instead, this accelerator is driven by 210 LTD modules that include a total of 1 10 6 capacitors and 5 10 5 200-kV electrically triggered gas switches. The LTD accelerator stores 182 MJ and produces a peak electrical power of 1000 TW. The accelerator delivers an effective peak current of 68 MA to a pinch that implodes in 95 ns, and 75 MA to a pinch that implodes in 120 ns. Conceptually straightforward upgrades to these designs would deliver even higher pinch currents and faster implosions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Architecture of petawatt-classz-pinch accelerators

Stygar

Cuneo

Headley³

et al. 2007

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

212

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The Linear Transformer Driver (LTD) is a relatively new pulsed power architecture based on the induction voltage adder (IVA) [6][7][8]. In both systems (IVA or LTD) voltage adder cells are stacked in series and voltage is added along a coaxial vacuum transmission line.…”

Section: Option 2: Linear Transformer Drivermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The capability of the Cygnus accelerators is well documented and some spare hardware exists which would significantly reduce cost. The second option is based on the Linear Transformer Driver (LTD) technology developed at Sandia and the Russian High Current Electronics Institute [6][7]. A 2-2.5-MV LTD is being built and tested at Sandia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Option study of an orthogonal X-ray radiography axis for pRad at LANSCE area C, Los Alamos.

Oliver¹,

Johnson²,

Leckbee³

et al. 2010

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We report on an option study of two potential x-ray systems for orthogonal radiography at Area C in the LANSCE facility at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The systems assessed are expected to be near equivalent systems to the presently existing Cygnus capability at the Nevada Test Site. Nominal dose and radiographic resolution of 4 rad (measured at one meter) and 1 mm spot are desired. Both a system study and qualitative design are presented as well as estimated cost and schedule. Each x-ray system analyzed is designed to drive a rod-pinch electron beam diode capable of producing the nominal dose and spot.

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“…A linear-transformer-driver (LTD) module is an induction voltage adder that is powered by circuits located within the cavities of the adder [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Since an LTD module can be designed to provide single-stage electrical-pulse compression and impedance matching, such modules are attractive candidates as prime-power sources for nextgeneration pulsed-power accelerators .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impedance-matched Marx generators

Stygar

LeChien

Mazarakis

et al. 2017

Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams

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We have conceived a new class of prime-power sources for pulsed-power accelerators: impedancematched Marx generators (IMGs). The fundamental building block of an IMG is a brick, which consists of two capacitors connected electrically in series with a single switch. An IMG comprises a single stage or several stages distributed axially and connected in series. Each stage is powered by a single brick or several bricks distributed azimuthally within the stage and connected in parallel. The stages of a multistage IMG drive an impedance-matched coaxial transmission line with a conical center conductor. When the stages are triggered sequentially to launch a coherent traveling wave along the coaxial line, the IMG achieves electromagnetic-power amplification by triggered emission of radiation. Hence a multistage IMG is a pulsed-power analogue of a laser. To illustrate the IMG approach to prime power, we have developed conceptual designs of two ten-stage IMGs with LC time constants on the order of 100 ns. One design includes 20 bricks per stage, and delivers a peak electrical power of 1.05 TW to a matched-impedance 1.22-Ω load. The design generates 113 kV per stage and has a maximum energy efficiency of 89%. The other design includes a single brick per stage, delivers 68 GW to a matched-impedance 19-Ω load, generates 113 kV per stage, and has a maximum energy efficiency of 90%. For a given electrical-poweroutput time history, an IMG is less expensive and slightly more efficient than a linear transformer driver, since an IMG does not use ferromagnetic cores.

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Numerical Analysis of a Pulsed Compact LTD System for Electron Beam-Driven Radiography

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

Architecture of petawatt-classz-pinch accelerators

Architecture of petawatt-classz-pinch accelerators

Option study of an orthogonal X-ray radiography axis for pRad at LANSCE area C, Los Alamos.

Impedance-matched Marx generators

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