Numerical Analyses of Fracture Mechanism of the Pelvic Ring during Side-Impact Load

Abstract

The aim of this study is the analysis of the multiple pelvis fracture mechanism in side-impact dynamic load cases. The elaborated numerical model of a pelvis complex includes pelvic and sacral bones as well as soft tissues such as ligaments and cartilages. The bone has been modelled as a viscoelasticity material based on the Johnson–Cook model. The model parameters have been chosen based on the experimental data. The uniqueness of a presented approach refers to the selection of crack criteria for the bone. Thus, it was allowed to analyse the process of multiple fractures inside the pelvic bones. The analysis was evaluated for the model in which the deformation rate influences the bone material properties. As a result, the stress distributions inside particular bones were changed. It has been estimated that the results can vary by 50% or even more depending on the type of boundary conditions adopted. The second step of work was a numerical analysis of military vehicle subjected to an IED. An analysis of the impactor’s impact on the pelvis of the Hybrid ES-2RE mannequin was conducted. It was shown that the force in the pelvis exceeds the critical value by a factor of 10. The results of the numerical analysis were then used to validate the model of a military vehicle with a soldier. It was shown that for the adopted loading conditions, the critical value of the force in the pelvis was not exceeded.

Computational Modelling and Biomechanical Analysis of Age-Related Craniocerebral Injuries: Insights into Bridging Veins

“…However, it should be emphasised that the bridging veins are deformed in the multiphase system of brain tissues, i.e., dura mater and nervous tissue. Therefore, numerical modelling is currently one of the better alternative methods for identifying the response of brain structures to forces [19,20], in particular, the finite element method (FEM), which is the leading method in the analysis of dynamic phenomena [21][22][23]. Along with the development of computing power, there has also been an increased interest in using FEM in modelling the structures of the human head [24].…”