Numbers of children planned, expected and preferred by women in Melbourne

Cm, Young

doi:10.1017/s0021932000009652

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…In each new marriage cohort more women have begun using contraception well before the first pregnancy instead of waiting until they have achieved their desired family size. The greater confidence with which women can control their fertility is demonstrated by the increasing proportions who consciously decide how many children they are going to have and who are successful in attaining that number of children (Young 1974). Now it is possible for couples to decide with confidence to delay the first birth until the deposit on a house has been saved or the husband or wife has completed hidher training, and then to space births within narrow or wider limits as best suits the couple's economic and lifestyle strategy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Australia has one of the highest usage rates of the pill in comparison with other developed countries. Australian couples use condoms, diaphragms and spermicides much less than British couples, and douching and the condom less than couples in the U.S.A., although rhythm methods are more popular (Caldwell and Ware, 1973;Population Report, 1973, 1974Langford, 1976;United Nations, 1976).…”

Section: Contraceptive Use During the 1960smentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contraceptive Use in Australia*

Young

Ware

1979

Aust NZ J Obst Gynaeco

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The purpose of this paper is to trace the pattern of contraceptive use in Australia during the past 50 years, discussing reasons and circumstances related to the changing preference for specific methods, against the background of demographic trends in childbearing and woman's changing role in society. The analysis is based on unique information regarding married couples and young adults in Australia obtained from large-scale demographic surveys carried out in Melbourne during 1971 and 1977 by the Department of Demography at the Australian National University.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Contraceptive Use During the 1960smentioning

confidence: 99%

Contraceptive Use in Australia*

Young

Ware

1979

Aust NZ J Obst Gynaeco

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“…In two earlier papers (Young, 1974(Young, , 1975 the relationship between planned and expected numbers of children was explored. Overall, 67% of couples had planned how many children to have, and, among these, 59% had or expected to have the same, 14% expected more and 24% expected fewer than the number planned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of medical factors in the failure to achieve desired family size

Young

1979

J. Biosoc. Sci.

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SummaryBecause of the widely held view that a family size of less than two children is undesirable, this paper investigates the extent to which medical conditions occur among one-child and childless families and influence ultimate family size. A partial solution to the inability to have more than one child is adoption, and the extent to which couples use adoption to attain the desired family size is discussed.Regardless of whether or not family size is directly affected, medical factors represent a form of crisis in the lives of women concerned, and thus the incidence rates themselves are of interest. The data suggest that more than one-half of women in Australia experience such a crisis during their childbearing history.

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Women’s labour force participation in Australia: Recent research findings

Evans

1996

Journal of Population Research

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Is Women's Labour Force Participation a Demographic Issue?Definitions of most fields are episodically contested ground, and demography is no exception. If we apply McNicoll's (1992) notion that there are two main schools of demography to the issue of women's labour force participation, we arrive at two divergent answers. The 'accounting' demographers seek to define 'demography' as the quantitative description of aggregate (usually national-level) patterns and trends in birth, death and migration; they typically resist the idea that labour force participation is a demographic topic. The second main school of thought on demography, the 'life-course' school, concurs with the 'accounting' tradition about the value of a systematic approach (but with a warmer attitude towards qualitative work as a first step in development of new quantitative measures) and concurs in the central relevance of fertility, mortality and migration. But the 'life-course' school differs from the 'accounting' school in four key ways: (1) in its stronger emphasis on going beyond description to exploration of causes and consequences, (2) in its emphasis on the life course as an organizing process of demographic events, (3) in seizing upon the individual-level data sets that came available in the 1970s and letting analysis of those data lead to new questions designed into a generation of 'purpose-built' individual-level sample surveys in the 1980s and 1990s, and (4) in its embrace of multivariate statistical methods.The strong connection between fertility and women's labour force participation commends labour force participation to the attention of lifecourse demographers, a view emphasized, perhaps over-optimistically, in the recent Cairo Conference on Population and Development (Hayes 1995;Mclntosh and Finkle 1995). Similarly, the complex of changes in family life that has characterized Australia as well as most of the rest of the industrialized 67 world in the past several decades --an emerging pattern of pre-marital sexual intercourse; late marriage for most with substantial numbers of co-habitors and of life-long bachelors and spinsters; very low fertility inside marriage with a very substantial portion of fertility occurring outside marriage; and very high levels of divorce (for example, van de Kaa 1987;Hoem and Hoem 1988;Kiernan 1989;Bracher and Santow 1990;Leridon 1990;Santow 1990;Goldscheider and Waite 1991;Blossfeld 1994;Kravdal 1994;Carmichael 1995) --is sometimes attributed to women's labour market opportunities and the growing economic independence they bring (Preston and Richards 1975), but the evidence is mixed, as will be seen below.My purpose in this review is to sketch recent discoveries concerning women's labour force participation, and to draw attention to unanswered questions and to relevant data sets for further analysis. The range of studies in the social sciences relevant to women's labour force participation is potentially infinite, so my review is necessarily selective. In particular, I focus on Australia in the context ...

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Numbers of children planned, expected and preferred by women in Melbourne

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Contraceptive Use in Australia*

Contraceptive Use in Australia*

The role of medical factors in the failure to achieve desired family size

Women’s labour force participation in Australia: Recent research findings

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