Number of Pre-Existing Comorbidities and Prognosis of COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Background: Though many studies have described the association of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and different kinds of noncommunicable chronic diseases, information with the combine effects of comorbidities to COVID-19 patients have not been well characterized yet. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of numbers of comorbidities with critical type and death of COVID-19.Methods: This was a single-centered retrospective study among patients with COVID-19. All patients with COVID-19 enrolled in this study were diagnosed according to World Health Organization interim guidance. Six different kinds of noncommunicable chronic diseases were included in this study. The logistic regression model was used to estimate the fixed effect of numbers of comorbidities on critical type or death, adjusting for potential confounders.Results: In total, 475 COVID-19 patients were enrolled in our study, included 234 females and 241 males. Hypertension was the most frequent type (162 [34.1%] of 475 patients). Patients with two or more comorbidities have higher risk of critical type (OR 3.072, 95% CI [1.581, 5.970], p=0.001) and death (OR 5.538, 95% CI [1.577, 19.451], p=0.008) compared to patients without comorbidities. And the results were similar after adjusting for age and gender in critical type (OR 2.021, 95% CI [1.002–4.077], p=0.049) and death (OR 3.653, 95% CI [0.989, 13.494], p=0.052).Conclusions: The number of comorbidities was an independent risk factor for critical type and death in COVID-19 patients.

An investigation of risk factors of in-hospital death due to COVID-19: a case-control study in Rasht, Iran

“…morbidity, there is no clearly defined risk factor. Advance ages (≥ 65 years), using immunosuppressive medications, smoking, having a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, obesity or increased body weight (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40 kg/m 2 ), cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly hypertension (HTN), and ischemic heart diseases and renal disorders are among the most known risk factors for increasing the severity and death rates related to the novel RNA coronavirus (acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)) [1,[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”