“…Radical surgery with lymph node dissection has provided an excellent therapeutic outcome; the 5-year survival rate after curative resection is more than 90%, including fi ndings in recent European series [4,14,[16][17][18][19][20][21]. In Japan, analyses of databases containing a large number of pathology reports, patients' histories, and long-term survival data from major leading hospitals have demonstrated that the 5-year cancer-specifi c survival rates of EGC limited to the mucosa or the submucosa are 99% and 95%, respectively [4].…”