Number Comprehension by a Grey Parrot (Psittacus erithacus), Including a Zero-Like Concept.

Pepperberg, Irene M.; Gordon, Jesse D.

doi:10.1037/0735-7036.119.2.197

Cited by 154 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…They have previously shown an ability to discriminate between amounts (continuous and discrete arrays including up to six items, Pepperberg and Gordon 2005;Pepperberg 2006; see also Al Aïn et al 2009). However, they have never been assessed on a task which requires the ability to delay of gratification, a task which requires the discrimination of differing amounts over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) perform on a delay of gratification task?

2009

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Humans and other animals often find it difficult to choose a delayed reward over an immediate one, even when the delay leads to increased pay-offs. Using a visible incremental reward procedure, we tested the ability of three grey parrots to maintain delay of gratification for an increasingly valuable food pay-off. Up to 5 sunflower seeds were placed within the parrot's reach, one at a time, at a rate of 1 seed per second. When the parrot took a seed the trial was ended and the birds consumed the accumulated seeds. Parrots were first tested in daily sessions of 10 trials and then with single daily trials. For multiple trial sessions, all three parrots showed some limited improvement across 30 sessions. For single trial sessions, only one parrot showed any increase in seed acquisition across trials. This parrot was also able to consistently obtain two or more seeds per trial (across both multiple and single trial conditions) but was unable to able to wait 5 seconds to obtain the maximum number of seeds. This parrot was also tested on a slower rate of seed presentation, and this significantly reduced her mean seed acquisition in both multiple and single trial conditions, suggesting that both value of reward available and delay duration impact upon self-control. Further manipulation of both the visibility and proximity of seeds during delay maintenance had little impact upon tolerance of delays for both parrots tested in this condition. This task demanded not just a choice of delayed reward but the maintenance of delayed gratification and was clearly difficult for the parrots to learn; additional training or alternative paradigms are required to better understand the capacity for self-control in this species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) perform on a delay of gratification task?

2009

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“…He was capable of giving the similar and/or different characteristics of the items presented [77,78]. He was also able to identify the number of items according to two modalities [79,80]. Alex's categorization was noteworthy because he expressed this classification by verbalizing labels.…”

Section: Categorizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alex learned to quantify sets of objects with vocal labels [79], choose the set corres ponding to the vocal number label [80], utter the corres ponding number label in response to the presentation of the number symbol and to select the number corresponding to the vocal number label [85]. Griffin is currently tested on visual perception.…”

Section: Numerical Competencies and Optical Illusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Language-Trained Animals: A Window to the “Black Box”

Péron¹

2012

IJIS

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Animals have to process quantity of information in order to take decisions and adapt their behaviors to their physical and social environment. They have to remember previous events (learning), to cope with their internal (motivational and emotional) states and to display flexible behavioral responses. From a human point of view it is quite impossible to access all those information, not only because of the sensorial channels used that can vary but also because all the processing phase occurs in the "black box" and non-human animals are not able to express verbally what they think, feel or want. Though useful information might lie in the "collected data" (animal mind), extracting them into insightful knowledge with human-accessible form (clear meaning, no interpretation) presents a demanding and sophisticated undertaking. Several scientists decided to trained different individuals from several species (apes, dolphins, grey parrots, dogs) in order to teach them a new communicative system that they could share with us. Here, the different studies (techniques and species used) are presented, the constrains but also the main findings.

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“…Le perroquet apprend, peu à peu, à bâtir des associations de mots, à reconnaître différents objets, en fonction de leur taille, leur forme, leur couleur… De ces expériences, il ressort que le perroquet est capable d'apprendre tout au long de son existence et de mener à bien des tâches cognitives complexes. Pour certains auteurs (ChardardSegurel 1984 ;Pepperberg 1987 ;Pepperberg & Gordon 2005), il ferait preuve de compréhension, d'abstraction, de numéri-sation, de mémoire, de curiosité, d'imitation (paroles et gestes), d'altruisme. Il apprécierait les jeux, se montrerait capable d'employer des outils, assimilerait les concepts de catégorie, de relativité, de semblable et de différent, de présence ou d'absence.…”

Section: Capacités Cognitives Des Psittacidésunclassified

Une introduction au comportement normal et pathologique des psittacidés

André¹

2007

bavf

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Cet article décrit les grands axes du comportement normal et du comportement pathologique chez les psittacidés. Rédigé par un clinicien, il est destiné aux vétérinaires encore peu familiarisés avec ce type de patients, présentés pourtant de plus en plus fréquemment en consultation. Il est désormais évident que la captivité est une source fréquente de troubles comportementaux, souvent très difficiles à traiter. Il s’agit de réactions anormales de peur et/ ou d’agressivité, d’émissions excessives de vocalisations, de stéréotypies, de picage, de surtoilettage, ou encore de comportements sexuels déviants. Une formation adaptée des propriétaires de perroquets permettrait de réduire ce type de troubles. Ces derniers devraient apprendre à respecter les aptitudes et le comportement naturel de leurs oiseaux, en se gardant, en particulier, de toute interprétation anthropomorphique. RÉSUMÉ

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Number Comprehension by a Grey Parrot (Psittacus erithacus), Including a Zero-Like Concept.

Cited by 154 publications

References 90 publications

How do African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) perform on a delay of gratification task?

How do African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) perform on a delay of gratification task?

Language-Trained Animals: A Window to the “Black Box”

Une introduction au comportement normal et pathologique des psittacidés

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