Number and function of circulatory helper innate lymphoid cells are unaffected by immunosuppressive drugs used in solid organ recipients – a single centre cohort study

Gómez‐Massa, Elena; Talayero, Paloma; Utrero‐Rico, Alberto; Laguna‐Goya, Rocío; Andrés, Amado; Mancebo, Esther; Leivas, Alejandra; Polanco-Fernández, Natalia; Justo, Iago; Jiménez-Romero, Carlos; Pleguezuelo, Daniel; Paz‐Artal, Estela

doi:10.1111/tri.13567

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In the serial analysis of patient P9, we could also observed the reduction of Lin+ cells frequency with the increase of hILC in IEp, LP and blood along posTx time, which is mainly associated with thymoglobulin effect on T and B cells. The reduction of Lin+ cells but not of hILC is supported by our recent observation that number and function of circulatory hILC are not affected by immunosuppressive drugs in kidney and liver transplanted recipients [40]. This resistance of hILC becomes then crucial in intestinal grafts, where a deep depletion of Lin+ cells commits the integrity and functionality of the organ, especially in the early postTx time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Donor helper innate lymphoid cells are replaced earlier than lineage positive cells and persist long‐term in human intestinal grafts – a descriptive study

et al. 2020

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Summary Intestinal grafts carry large donor lymphoid load that is replaced by recipient cells. The dynamics of this process may influence the tolerance, rejection or graft‐versus‐host disease. We analysed distribution and turnover of T and B (Lin+) lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) and helper innate lymphoid cells (hILC) in intestinal epithelium (IEp) and lamina propia (LP) from a long‐term cohort of eight intestinal recipients and from a single patient monitored deeply during the first 8 months post‐transplant (posTx). Long‐term intestinal grafts showed significantly higher %hILC than native bowels in IEp and LP until 10 years posTx and recovery to normal levels was observed afterwards. We also observed an imbalance between hILC subsets in IEp [increase of type 1 (ILC1) and decrease in type 3 (ILC3) innate lymphoid cells] that persisted along posTx time even when %hILC was similar to native bowels. Regarding hILC origin, we still detected the presence of donor cells at 13 years posTx. However, this chimerism was significantly lower than in Lin+ and NK populations. According to these findings, observation from the patient monitored in early posTx period showed that recipient hILC repopulate earlier and faster than Lin+ cells, with increase in ILC1 related to rejection and infection episodes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Donor helper innate lymphoid cells are replaced earlier than lineage positive cells and persist long‐term in human intestinal grafts – a descriptive study

et al. 2020

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“…16 NK cell count also decreases after LT in the setting of immunosuppression, which may decrease the specificity of this parameter in the diagnosis of HLH. 17 Finally, dyslipidemia is common post-LT (occurring in up to 70% of patients), so this marker may also be less specific. 18 Finally, when suspicion is high enough, evidence of hemophagocytosis on tissue examination should be sought.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis occurring after liver transplantation: A case series and review of the literature

Chesner

Schiano

Fiel

et al. 2021

Clinical Transplantation

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Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disease characterized by excessive inflammation and tissue destruction due to a dysregulated immune response. Its secondary form is most commonly triggered by viral infection or malignancy. There have previously been 11 cases of acquired HLH described following liver transplantation in adult transplant recipients, most occurring within the first year following transplantation. Herein, we describe two cases of HLH in liver transplant recipients that both occurred remotely following transplantation. In the first case, HLH was thought to be triggered by the development of a post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in a patient who was initially diagnosed with recurrent autoimmune hepatitis.In the second, it was thought to be triggered by a newly acquired human herpesvirus-8 infection. In both cases, the syndrome was not recognized until treatment for the initial putative diagnoses was unsuccessful. Despite treatment, both patients unfortunately died from multiorgan failure. HLH in the post-liver transplant setting is likely under-recognized and has a high mortality; early diagnosis and intervention may lead to improved outcomes. K E Y W O R D Scomplications of liver transplantation, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, human herpesvirus-8, liver transplantation, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder 1 INTRODUCTION Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening syndrome characterized by pathologic macrophage activation, which results in excessive cytokine release, inflammation, tissue destruction, and eventual multi-system organ failure. 1 Primary HLH is an inherited condition caused by autosomal recessive defects in genes triggering macrophage activation, while secondary HLH may be triggered by infection, malignancy, rheumatologic disorders, and immunodeficiencies. 2,3 Regardless of the causative agent, multiorgan failure often results from pervasive organ infiltration of activated monocytes, macrophages, and cytotoxic T-cells. Clinical features are

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“…Although some studies focusing on human circulating ILCs from healthy donors as well as different pathological disorders are available, 5‐8 little is known about the phenotype and function of circulating neonatal ILCs till date. In general, CB contains significantly higher ILC frequencies compared to pediatric or adult PB, 9 which enables to consistently isolate and characterize all three ILC subsets within a given CB 7,9‐11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional and functional characterization of neonatal circulating Innate Lymphoid Cells

Bennstein

Scherenschlich

Weinhold

et al. 2021

Stem Cells Translational Medicine

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Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), comprising ILC1, 2, and 3 subpopulations, play unique roles in maintaining microbiome homeostasis, mucosal tissue integrity, and control of inflammation. So far, their characterization is dominantly based on tissue-resident ILCs, whereas little information is available on circulating ILCs, in particular in newborns. In order to get a deeper understanding of neonatal innate immunity, we ana-

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Number and function of circulatory helper innate lymphoid cells are unaffected by immunosuppressive drugs used in solid organ recipients – a single centre cohort study

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

Donor helper innate lymphoid cells are replaced earlier than lineage positive cells and persist long‐term in human intestinal grafts – a descriptive study

Donor helper innate lymphoid cells are replaced earlier than lineage positive cells and persist long‐term in human intestinal grafts – a descriptive study

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis occurring after liver transplantation: A case series and review of the literature

Transcriptional and functional characterization of neonatal circulating Innate Lymphoid Cells

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