Nuggets Production by Direct Reduction of High Iron Red Mud

Guo, Yuhua; Gao, Jianjun; Xu, Haitao; Zhao, Kai; Shi, Xuefeng

doi:10.1016/s1006-706x(13)60092-8

Cited by 64 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Many strategies for metal / CRM recovery from bauxite residues rely on pyrometallurgical processing in combination with hydrometallurgical methods (leaching, solvent extraction and precipitation). 28,30,34,35,37,38,45 Understandably, large amounts of energy and chemicals are used during the many process steps. For instance, complex processing of bauxite residue to produce Sc has been reviewed in Borra et al 156 and references therein.…”

Section: Impacts Of Crm Recovery From Bauxite Residuementioning

confidence: 99%

Re‐using bauxite residues: benefits beyond (critical raw) material recovery

Ujaczki

Feigl

Molnár

et al. 2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

102

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Since the world economy has been confronted with an increasing risk of supply shortages of critical raw materials (CRMs), there has been a major interest in identifying alternative secondary sources of CRMs. Bauxite residues from alumina production are available at a multi‐million tonnes scale worldwide. So far, attempts have been made to find alternative re‐use applications for bauxite residues, for instance in cement / pig iron production. However, bauxite residues also constitute an untapped secondary source of CRMs. Depending on their geological origin and processing protocol, bauxite residues can contain considerable amounts of valuable elements. The obvious primary consideration for CRM recovery from such residues is the economic value of the materials contained. However, there are further benefits from re‐use of bauxite residues in general, and from CRM recovery in particular. These go beyond monetary values (e.g. reduced investment / operational costs resulting from savings in disposal). For instance, benefits for the environment and health can be achieved by abatement of tailing storage as well as by reduction of emissions from conventional primary mining. Whereas certain tools (e.g. life‐cycle analysis) can be used to quantify the latter, other benefits (in particular sustained social and technological development) are harder to quantify. This review evaluates strategies of bauxite residue re‐use / recycling and identifies associated benefits beyond elemental recovery. Furthermore, methodologies to translate risks and benefits into quantifiable data are discussed. Ultimately, such quantitative data are a prerequisite for facilitating decision‐making regarding bauxite residue re‐use / recycling and a stepping stone towards developing a zero‐waste alumina production process. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Impacts Of Crm Recovery From Bauxite Residuementioning

confidence: 99%

Re‐using bauxite residues: benefits beyond (critical raw) material recovery

Ujaczki

Feigl

Molnár

et al. 2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

102

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“…Pyrometallurgical methods include the process involved adding additives, reduction roasting and subsequent magnetic separation. Acid leaching can be involved in the procedure to recovery Ti [3][4][5].…”

Section: Kne Materials Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Red Mud as an Additional Source of Titanium Raw Materials

Shoppert¹,

Логинова²

2017

Kms

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In this study the extraction of titanium from bauxite residue (red mud) with 2 step acid leaching was proposed. In the first step red mud was leached with diluted hydrochloric acid under stirring to remove the soluble Ca, Na, Al, Si and K at 25 ∘ C and pH=3 for 1hour. The content of iron and titanium in the solid residue increased to 57.7% and 6.4%, respectively. The factors influencing sulfuric acid leaching of the solid residue in the second stage were examined by factorial design. The optimal iron and titanium extraction efficiency was obtained after leaching at 50 ∘ C and L:S ration 20:1 for 90 min when 80 g/L sulfuric acid was used. The titanium oxide content in the concentrate obtained under the optimum conditions amounted to 46.7%. The maximum recovery of titanium in the sulfuric acid solution has not exceeded 6%.

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“…These high ferrous bauxite is mainly composed of gibbsite (Al(OH) 3 ), diaspore (AlOOH), goethite (FeOOH), hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ) and kaolinite (Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH)4· 2H 2 O), the content of Al 2 O 3 and Fe 2 O 3 is over 65wt%, the content of SiO 2 is about 7-12wt% & Zhang et al 2014). Current studies estimate that the coal-based direct reduction method can be used to produce a high quality pig iron from low grade iron ores, and thus it is an ideal technology for adding value to marginal iron ore reserves (Kapure et al 2011& Guo et al 2013). Valuable iron in high ferrous bauxite is preferentially recovered by coal-based direct reduction and melting method (Zhang et al 2015a).…”

Section: Type Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Early stage hydration properties of calcium aluminosilicate slag

Zhang¹,

Qi²,

Zou³

2016

Proceedings of the 2016 6th International Conference on Advanced Design and Manufacturing Engineering (ICADME 2016)

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ABSTRACT:The calcium aluminosilicate slag cement clinker was prepared from bauxite-coal composite pellets by high temperature reduction and smelting process. The hydration results show that, after hydration for 28 days, the hydration products of calcium aluminosilicate slag are mainly composed of killalaite (Ca3.2(H0.6Si2O7)(OH)), calcium silicate hydrate (Ca1.5SiO3.5 · xH2O) and calcium aluminates hydroxid (3CaO·Al2O3·Ca(OH)2·18·H2O, Ca12Al13.86Fe0.14(OH)2). With the increase of w(CaO)/w(SiO2) ratio, the killalaite disappeared, the 3CaO ·Al2O3·Ca(OH)2·18·H2O and Ca12Al13.86Fe0.14(OH)2 amounts were increased gradually as a function of w(CaO)/w(SiO2) ratio. The C3A and C12A7 have very exothermic hydration characteristic and faster hydration rate, promoted the hydration activity of β -C2S. The calcium aluminosilicate slag cement clinker has a higher reactivity during the early stage of the hydration process.

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Nuggets Production by Direct Reduction of High Iron Red Mud

Cited by 64 publications

References 1 publication

Re‐using bauxite residues: benefits beyond (critical raw) material recovery

Re‐using bauxite residues: benefits beyond (critical raw) material recovery

Red Mud as an Additional Source of Titanium Raw Materials

Early stage hydration properties of calcium aluminosilicate slag

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