Nudging and Boosting: Steering or Empowering Good Decisions

Hertwig, Ralph; Grüne‐Yanoff, Till

doi:10.1177/1745691617702496

Cited by 483 publications

(472 citation statements)

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“…In Thaler and Sunstein (2008, ch 3), the authors consider social nudges, but they only discuss social influence as a means for influencing individual decisions, not the complications that social interaction raises for the prediction and evaluation of outcomes. 7 For examples of boosts, see Hertwig & Grüne-Yanoff (2017). social phenomena, the rational pursuit of individual goals does not yield improved collective outcomes.…”

Section: From Individual Rationality To Social Welfare?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nudges were first introduced by Sunstein (2003, 2008), and although there is considerable disagreement about what exactly constitutes a nudge intervention, nudges are soft interventions that improve people's welfare by manipulating the choice architecture of a situation in a way that helps to eliminate or mitigate a decisional inadequacy or a psychological bias. By using easily reversible means, a nudge should influence the nudgee's behavior towards a choice that he/she would ultimately be happy with (see Sunstein 2015;Hertwig & Grüne-Yanoff 2017).…”

Section: Introduction: Behavioral Science Tools For Improving Welfarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike nudges, boosts do not target immediate individual behaviors, but instead, they aim at building new decision competences or fostering existing ones (Hertwig & Grüne-Yanoff 2017). Proponents of the boost program hold that people can make good, even ideal, decisions as long as they are educated to choose the appropriate rule of thumb for the situation or once they possess the competences for dealing with the relevant risks, probabilities, and statistics (Katsikopoulos 2014;Gigerenzer 2015).…”

Section: Introduction: Behavioral Science Tools For Improving Welfarementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also Chetty (2015) brings up some issues discussed in our paper, and Nagatsu (2015) provides an insightful discussion of the ethics of social nudges. To our knowledge, the only papers explicitly comparing nudge and boost interventions are Grüne-Yanoff and Hertwig (2016) and Hertwig and Grüne-Yanoff (2017). None of the articles above address the central topic of our paper: limitations of the individualistic behavioral policy interventions in situations involving social interaction between agents.…”

Section: Introduction: Behavioral Science Tools For Improving Welfarementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Nudge, Boost, or Design? Limitations of behaviorally informed policy under social interaction

Reijula¹,

Kuorikoski²,

Ehrig³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Nudge and boost are two competing approaches to applying the psychology of reasoning and decision making to improve policy. Whereas nudges rely on manipulation of choice architecture to steer people towards better choices, the objective of boosts is to develop good decision-making competences. Proponents of both approaches claim capacity to enhance social welfare through better individual decisions. We suggest that such efforts should involve a more careful analysis of how individual and social welfare are related in the policy context. First, individual rationality is not always sufficient or necessary for improving collective outcomes. Second, collective outcomes of complex social interactions among individuals are largely ignored by the focus of both nudge and boost on individual decisions. We suggest that the design of mechanisms and social norms can sometimes lead to better collective outcomes than nudge and boost, and present conditions under which the three approaches (nudge, boost, and design) can be expected to enhance social welfare.

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Section: From Individual Rationality To Social Welfare?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction: Behavioral Science Tools For Improving Welfarementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction: Behavioral Science Tools For Improving Welfarementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction: Behavioral Science Tools For Improving Welfarementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nudge, Boost, or Design? Limitations of behaviorally informed policy under social interaction

Reijula¹,

Kuorikoski²,

Ehrig³

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Consequently, one should pay more attention to the mechanisms through which nudges operate, and use this knowledge to select those situations in which nudges are most likely to be effective (Grüne-Yanoff et al in press). Furthermore, once one pays more attention to mechanisms, it will also become clearer that nudges are not the only kind of behavioral interventions, but just one amongst many (Hertwig and Grüne-Yanoff 2017). Thus, while the nudge proposal has opened new conceptual avenues for policy-science interaction, the underlying behavioral evidence is still far from providing solid answers to questions like what kind of causal pathways these interventions take, how effective they will be in different environments, and how to systematically design new interventions.…”

Section: Designing Nudgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflections on the 2017 Nobel Memorial Prize Awarded to Richard Thaler

Grüne‐Yanoff

2017

EJPE

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Effect of Longer Family Meals on Children’s Fruit and Vegetable Intake

et al. 2023

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ImportanceFamily meals are a formative learning environment that shapes children’s food choices and preferences. As such, they are an ideal setting for efforts to improve children’s nutritional health.ObjectiveTo examine the effect of extending the duration of family meals on the fruit and vegetable intake in children.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis randomized clinical trial used a within-dyad manipulation design and was conducted from November 8, 2016, to May 5, 2017, in a family meal laboratory in Berlin, Germany. Included in the trial were children aged 6 to 11 years who did not follow a special diet or have food allergies and adult parents who served as the nutritional gatekeeper in the household (ie, the family member responsible for at least half of the food planning and preparation). All participants underwent 2 conditions: control, defined as regular family mealtime duration, and intervention, defined as 50% longer mealtime duration (10 minutes longer on average). Participants were randomized to the condition they would complete first. Statistical analyses of the full sample were conducted between June 2 and October 30, 2022.InterventionsParticipants had 2 free evening meals under different conditions. In the control or regular condition, each dyad ate in the same amount of time as their reported regular mealtime duration. In the intervention or longer condition, each dyad had 50% more time to eat than their reported regular mealtime duration.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the number of pieces of fruits and vegetables eaten by the child during a meal.ResultsA total of 50 parent-child dyads participated in the trial. Parents had a mean (range) age of 43 (28-55 years) years and were predominantly mothers (36 [72%]). Children had a mean (range) age of 8 (6-11) years and included an equal number of girls and boys (25 [50%]). Children ate significantly more pieces of fruits (t49 = 2.36, P = .01; mean difference [MD], 3.32 [95% CI, 0.96 to ∞]; Cohen d = 0.33) and vegetables (t49 = 3.66, P &lt; .001; MD, 4.05 [95% CI, 2.19 to ∞]; Cohen d = 0.52) in the longer condition than in the regular mealtime duration condition. Consumption of bread and cold cuts did not significantly differ between conditions. The children’s eating rate (bites per minute over the regular mealtime duration) was significantly lower in the longer than in the regular condition (t49 = −7.60, P &lt; .001; MD, −0.72 [95% CI, −0.56 to ∞]; Cohen d = 1.08). Children reported significantly higher satiety after the longer condition (V = 36.5, P &lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this randomized clinical trial suggest that the simple, low-threshold intervention of increasing family mealtime duration by approximately 10 minutes can improve the quality of children’s diet and eating behavior. The findings underscore the potential for such an intervention to improve public health.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03127579

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Nudging and Boosting: Steering or Empowering Good Decisions

Cited by 483 publications

References 91 publications

Nudge, Boost, or Design? Limitations of behaviorally informed policy under social interaction

Nudge, Boost, or Design? Limitations of behaviorally informed policy under social interaction

Reflections on the 2017 Nobel Memorial Prize Awarded to Richard Thaler

Effect of Longer Family Meals on Children’s Fruit and Vegetable Intake

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