Nucleotide sequences of the 4.5 S and 5 S ribosomal RNA genes from tobacco chloroplasts

Takaiwa, Fumio; Sugiura, Masahiro

doi:10.1007/bf00267344

Cited by 61 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The 3' end of the chloroplast rRNA precursor is a particularly good model systems for studies on rRNA maturation because five junctions (3' end of the 23S rRNA, 5' and 3' ends of the 4.5S rRNA, 5' and 3' ends of the 5S rRNA) are present within a relatively short sequence. Despite this, the complete nucleotide sequence for all the spacers regions is known in only two plants, tobacco and duckweed (7,(10)(11)(12) although a number of sequences for the mature 4.5, 5S and 23S rRNA sequences or at least one of the ITS regions have been determined (e.g. 4,[13][14][15].…”

Section: Introducrionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and evolution of the 4.5–5S ribosomal RNA intergenic region fromGlycine max(Soya bean)

1987

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The nucleotide sequence for the 4.5-5S ribosomal DNA region from the chloroplastids of soya beans was determined as the basis of further comparative studies on the structure and evolution of this intergenic region. Comparisons with other plant sequences as well as equivalent sequences in eubacteria suggest that the longer internal transcribed spacer regions of plants have evolved, at least in part, by DNA sequence duplications and that the presence of the 4.5S rRNA in chloroplast may result from the accidental acquisition of a RNA maturation site during the evolution of longer internal transcribed spacer regions. Estimates of the secondary structures also indicate only a very limited retention of structural features and suggest that the primary role of the intergenic sequences may be to bring processed sites into close proximity. INTRODUCrIONWhile the ribosomal RNAs of chloroplasts more closely resemble those of eubacteria, the chloroplast ribosomes of flowering plants contain two low molecular weight RNA components (1-4), the commonly observed 5S RNA and a somewhat smaller 4.5S rRNA. Sequence studies indicate that all of the chloroplast rRNAs are transcribed as a common larger precursor molecule, the sequences being arranged in the order 5'-16S-23S-4.5S-5S-3' (5-7). As ribosomal RNA from many origins have been sequenced, comparisons have clearly shown (5-8) that the 4.5S rRNA sequence is not unique to plant chloroplasts; it is actually equivalent to the 3' end of the eubacterial 23S rRNA and is the result of an extra cleavage or processing step in the chlorplast rRNA precursor.Although most mature ribosomal RNAs are products from the processing of larger precursor molecules, in many instances relatively little is known about the structural features which underlie these cleavages or the enzymatic mechanisms by which these cleavages occur (e.g. ref.

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Section: Introducrionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and evolution of the 4.5–5S ribosomal RNA intergenic region fromGlycine max(Soya bean)

1987

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“…The 23 S-4.5 S rRNA spacer region found in chloroplasts is found at position 138 of the A.nidu1an.s sequence. The spacer is 78 nucleotides long in maize [12] and 101 nucleotides long in tobacco [6] chloroplasts. Although this spacer is absent in A.nidulans, a sequence homologous to that between another small rRNA (3 S) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has been shown to be homologous to the 3 '-terminus of eubacterial 23 S rRNA [4], and may be associated with the 23 S rRNA molecule by base-pairing with the 5'-end of the latter. It is derived from the same precursor molecule as the 23 S rRNA [5] and sequence analysis shows a potential transcription termination signal in the spacer between the 4.5 S and 5 S rRNA genes in tobacco [6] and maize [7] chloroplasts. A potential promoter sequence for the 5 S rRNA gene has also been found in this region, although this does not necessarily mean that it is functional.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleotide sequence of the 5 S rRNA gene and flanking regions in the cyanobacterium, Anacystis nidulans

Douglas

Doolittle

1984

FEBS Letters

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The nucleotide sequence of the 5 S rRNA gene and flanking regions (including the terminal 232 nucleotides of the 23 S rRNA gene) of Anacystis nidulans has been determined. The spacer between the 23 S and 5 S rRNAs is 70 nucleotides long and contains no detectable transcription termination or initiation signals similar to those found in the comparable region of plastid genomes. A stable stem-and-loop structure can be formed 16 nucleotides downstream from the 5 S rRNA gene, and this is probably the transcription termination signal for the rRNA gene cluster. Homologies between cyanobacterial and plastid genes have been calculated and their evolutionary significance discussed.Chloroplast DNA Ribosomal RNA

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“…As mentioned above, it was of interest to know wether chloroplast 4.5S rRNA has a secondary structure similar to that of the 3'-terminal region of bacterial 23S rRNA or to that of E.co& 4.5S RNA. Tobacco and wheat chloroplast 4.5S rRNAs have been recently sequenced (22)(23)(24). On the basis of these sequences both rRNAs can be folded in similar way as the 3'-terminal region of bacterial 23S rRNA (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the basis of a sequence homology between wheaet chloroplast 4.5SrRNA and E.coZi 4.5SRNA, Wildeman and Nazar (22) suggested that these two 4.5S RNAs may have a common function. On the other hand, on the basis of sequence homology between ;tobacco chloroplast 4.5SrRNA (23,24) and the 3'-terminal region of E.coti 23S rRNA, Mac Kay (25) proposed that the two latter sequences are derived from a common ancestor and may be functionally equivalent. In Peattie (29).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 3′-terminal region of bacterial 23S ribosomal RNA: structure and homology with the 3′-terminal region of eukaryotic 28S rRNA and with chloroplast 4.5S rRNA

1981

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The sequence of the 110 nucleotide fragment located at the 3'-end of E.coli, P.vuZgaiz and A.puncata 23S rRNAs has been determined. The homology between the E.coti and P.vutga&ii6 fragments is 90%, whereas that between the E.coti and A.punctata fragments is only 60%. The three rRNA fragments have sequences compatible with a secondary structure consisting of two hairpins. Using chemical and enzymatic methods recently developed for the study of the secondary structure of RNA, we demonstrated that one of these hairpins and part of the other are actually present in the three 3'-terminal fragments in solution. This supports the existence of these two hairpins in the intact molecule. Indeed, results obtained upon limited digestion of intact 23S RNA with T1 RNasewere in good agreement with the existence of these two hairpins.We observed that the primary structures of the 3'-terminal regions of yea6t 26S rRNA and X.&aeviZ 28S rRNA are both compatible with a secondary structure similar to that found at the 3'-end of bacterial 23S rRNAs. Furthermore, both tobacco and wheW chloroplast 4.5S rRNAs can also be folded in a similar way as the 3'-terminal region of bacterial 23S rRNA , the 3'-end of chloroplast 4.5S rRNAs being complementary to the 5'-end of chloroplast 23S rRNA. This strongly reinforces the hypothesis that chloroplast 4.5S rRNA originates from the 3'-end of bacterial 23S rRNA and suggests that this rRNA may be base-paired with the 5'-end of chloroplast 23S rRNA. Invariant oligonucleotides are present at identical positions in the homologous secondary structures of E.Cofi 23S, yea6t 26S , X.Ztaevi 28S and Whew and tobacco 4.5S rRNAs. Surprisingly, the sequences of these oligonucleotides are not all conserved in the 3'-terminal regions of A.putctata or even P.Vuwga&lZ 23S rRNAs. Results obtained upon mild methylation of E.colL 50S subunits with dimethylsulfate strongly suggest that these invariant oligonucleotides are involved in RNA tertiary structure or in RNA-protein interactions.

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Nucleotide sequences of the 4.5 S and 5 S ribosomal RNA genes from tobacco chloroplasts

Cited by 61 publications

References 21 publications

Structure and evolution of the 4.5–5S ribosomal RNA intergenic region fromGlycine max(Soya bean)

Structure and evolution of the 4.5–5S ribosomal RNA intergenic region fromGlycine max(Soya bean)

Nucleotide sequence of the 5 S rRNA gene and flanking regions in the cyanobacterium, Anacystis nidulans

The 3′-terminal region of bacterial 23S ribosomal RNA: structure and homology with the 3′-terminal region of eukaryotic 28S rRNA and with chloroplast 4.5S rRNA

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