Nucleotide sequences of chimpanzee MHC class I alleles: evidence for trans-species mode of evolution.

Mayer, Werner E.; Jonker, Margreet; Klein, Dagmar; Iványi, P; Seventer, G van; Klein, Jan

doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb03131.x

Cited by 228 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Similarly, the leader peptides of the HLA-A and HLA-C molecules share a characteristic amino acid pattern. Surprisingly, the two recently published HLA-B homologous sequences from chimpanzee also contain the same set of amino acid substitutions as the uncommon serine at position 131, glutamic acid at 177, and glutamine at 180, present in the one group of HLA-B alleles , Mayer et al 1988). This pattern of similarity leads to the conclusion that this divergence in an ancestral -B sequence arose before separation of the human and chimpanzee species (Klein 1987, Mayer et al 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Allelic variation in HLA-B and HLA-C sequences and the evolution of the HLA-B alleles

et al. 1989

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Abstract. Several new HLA-B (B8, B51, Bw62)-andHLA-C (Cw6, Cw7)-specific genes were isolated either as genomic cosmid or cDNA clones to study the diversity of HLA antigens. The allele specificities were identified by sequence analysis in comparison with published HLA-B and -C sequences, by transfection experiments, and Southern and northern blot analysis using oligonucleotide probes. Comparison of the classical HLA-A, -B, and -C sequences reveals that allele-specific substitutions seem to be rare events. HLA-B51 codes only for one allelespecific residue: arginine at position 81 located on the cd helix, pointing toward the antigen binding site. HLA-B8 contains an acidic substitution in amino acid position 9 on the first central/3 sheet which might affect antigen binding capacity, perhaps in combination with the rare replacement at position 67 (F) on the c~l helix. HLA-B8 shows greatest homology to HLA-Bw42, -Bw41, -B7, and -Bw60 antigens, all of which lack the conserved restriction sites Pst I at position 180 and Sac I at position 131. Both sites associated with amino acid replacements seem to be genetic markers of an evolutionary split of the HLA-B alleles, which is also observed in the leader sequences. HLA-Cw7 shows 98% sequence identity to the JY328 gene. In general, the HLA-C alleles display lower levels of variability in the highly polymorphic regions of the c~ 1 and c~2 domains, and have more distinct patterns of locusspecific residues in the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains. Thus we propose a more recent origin for the HLA-C locus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Allelic variation in HLA-B and HLA-C sequences and the evolution of the HLA-B alleles

et al. 1989

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“…The fact that many MHC alleles have persisted for significant evolutionary periods of time, predating the divergence of present-day species (Klein 1980;Lawlor et al 1988;Mayer et al 1988;Klein and Klein 1991), has been used as an argument against frequency-dependent selection (Hughes and Nei 1988). Data from South Amerindians revealed, however, that 23 out of 28 MHC alleles found at the HLA-B locus were created de novo by recombination (Parham and Ohta 1996).…”

Section: Dynamics Of Allele Frequenciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our simulations also support our finding that heterozygote advantage can only account for a high degree of polymorphism if all MHC alleles confer unrealistically similar fitness contributions to their hosts (see our companion paper: De Boer et al 2004, DOI 10.1007. The mechanism of hostpathogen coevolution has been criticized because it would give rise to a too dynamic polymorphism, in which MHC allele frequencies fluctuate over time (Hughes and Nei 1992;Slade and McCallum 1992), which seems at variance with the long-term persistence of MHC alleles (Klein 1980;Lawlor et al 1988;Mayer et al 1988;Klein and Klein 1991). Here, we confirm this dynamic behavior, but show that a high degree of polymorphism of longlived MHC alleles can nevertheless be obtained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MHC polymorphism under host-pathogen coevolution

2004

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The genes encoding major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules are among the most polymorphic genes known for vertebrates. Since MHC molecules play an important role in the induction of immune responses, the evolution of MHC polymorphism is often explained in terms of increased protection of hosts against pathogens. Two selective pressures that are thought to be involved are (1) selection favoring MHC heterozygous hosts, and (2) selection for rare MHC alleles by host-pathogen coevolution. We have developed a computer simulation of coevolving hosts and pathogens to study the relative impact of these two mechanisms on the evolution of MHC polymorphism. We found that heterozygote advantage per se is insufficient to explain the high degree of polymorphism at the MHC, even in very large host populations. Host-pathogen coevolution, on the other hand, can easily account for realistic polymorphisms of more than 50 alleles per MHC locus. Since evolving pathogens mainly evade presentation by the most common MHC alleles in the host population, they provide a selective pressure for a large variety of rare MHC alleles. Provided that the host population is sufficiently large, a large set of MHC alleles can persist over many host generations under hostpathogen coevolution, despite the fact that allele frequencies continuously change.

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“…Sequence analysis suggests HLA-C is more closely related to HLA-B than HLA-A and indicates the HLA-C locus may have arisen as a duplication of HLA-B. 24 HLA-C homologues have been identified in the chimp 30,31 and gorilla 19 but are not found in genome or transcript searches of Asian apes (Old World primates, orangutans, gibbons or rhesus monkeys). The suspected recent origin of the HLA-C locus may explain the more conservative nature of the phylogenetic analyses presented here.…”

Section: Hla-cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic hierarchy of HLA class I allele sequences

et al. 1999

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The markedly high levels of polymorphism present in classical class I loci of the human major histocompatibility complex have been implicated in infectious and immune disease recognition. The large numbers of alleles present at these loci have, however, limited efforts to verify associations between individual alleles and specific diseases. As an approach to reduce allele diversity to hierarchical evolutionarily related groups, we performed phylogenetic analyses of available HLA-A, B and C allele complete sequences (n = 216 alleles) using different approaches (maximum parsimony, distance-based minimum evolution and maximum likelihood). Full nucleotide and amino acid sequences were considered as well as abridged sequences from the hypervariable peptide binding region, known to interact in vivo, with HLA presented foreign peptide. The consensus analyses revealed robust clusters of 36 HLA-C alleles concordant for full and PBR sequence analyses. HLA-A alleles (n = 60) assorted into 12 groups based on full nucleotide and amino acid sequence which with few exceptions recapitulated serological groupings, however the patterns were largely discordant with clusters prescribed by PBR sequences. HLA-B which has the most alleles (n = 120) and which unlike HLA-A and -C is thought to be subject to frequent recombinational exchange, showed limited phylogenetic structure consistent with recent selection driven retention of maximum heterozygosity and population diversity. Those allele categories recognized offer an explicit phylogenetic criterion for grouping alleles potentially relevant for epidemiologic associations, for inferring the origin of MHC genome organization, and for comparing functional constraints in peptide presentation of HLA alleles.

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Nucleotide sequences of chimpanzee MHC class I alleles: evidence for trans-species mode of evolution.

Cited by 228 publications

References 61 publications

Allelic variation in HLA-B and HLA-C sequences and the evolution of the HLA-B alleles

Allelic variation in HLA-B and HLA-C sequences and the evolution of the HLA-B alleles

MHC polymorphism under host-pathogen coevolution

Taxonomic hierarchy of HLA class I allele sequences

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