Nucleotide Sequence of the Glycoprotein C(gC) Homologous Gene of Marek's Disease Virus(MDV) Serotype 2 and Comparison of gC Homologous Genes among Three Serotypes of MDV.

Journal of General Virology

Kashiwase

et al. 1998

Studies on Marek's disease virus serotype 2 (MDV2) are important for understanding the natural nonpathogenic phenotypes of MDV. We determined the 16 770 bp nucleotide sequence of the MDV2 genome located in the right part the of unique long region. The analysis revealed 12 complete open reading frames (ORFs) with high amino acid sequence identities to the gene products of other alphaherpesviruses. The MDV2 ORFs were arranged collinearly with the prototype sequence of herpes simplex virus type 1 ranging from the UL41 to UL51 genes. Except for the MDV2 UL41 gene, all of the identified genes were confirmed to be transcribed with 3h-coterminal mRNAs and/or a unique transcript in the virus-infected cells. Transcriptional patterns for the regions of the MDV2 UL48 to UL49.5 genes were notably different from the similar area of MDV serotype 1.Marek's disease virus (MDV) is the causative agent of a contagious malignant T-cell lymphoma in chickens. It is divided into three serotypes : MDV serotype 1 (MDV1) includes oncogenic strains and their attenuated strains ; MDV3 (herpesvirus of turkeys ; HVT) includes nonpathogenic strains and has been used for one of the effective vaccines against Marek's disease (MD) ; MDV2 includes the naturally nonpathogenic strains isolated from chickens and other birds belonging to the genus Gallus (Lin et al., 1990). Several strains of MDV2 and the attenuated MDV1 have also been used as effective vaccines, mainly in combination with HVT vaccines (Witter, 1992).

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Identification and transcriptional analysis of the homologues of the herpes simplex virus type 1 UL41 to UL51 genes in the genome of nononcogenic Marek's disease virus serotype 2.

Journal of General Virology

Kashiwase

et al. 1998

“…In MDV genomes, eight glycoproteins, designated gB [33,45], gC [9,20], gD [7,17,48], gE [7,16,48], gH [36,38], gI [7,18,48], gK [32,43], and gL [47] have been found. Amino acid sequence analysis characterizes most of these proteins as type I membrane proteins, comprising an aminoterminal hydrophobic region as a putative signal sequence and a carboxy-terminal hydrophobic region as a transmembrane domain resulting in location of most of the amino-terminal part of the protein on the outside of the membrane.…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification and Structure of the Marek's Disease Virus Serotype 2 Glycoprotein M Gene: Comparison with Glycoprotein M Genes of Herpesviridae Family

Cai

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

et al. 1999

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ABSTRACT. We determined the nucleotide sequence of a portion of BamHI-C fragment of Marek's disease virus serotype 2 (MDV2) strain HPRS24 which was suspected to contain the homologue of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) gene UL10, encoding glycoprotein M (gM). An open reading frame whose translation product exhibited significant similarities to HSV-1 gM protein and respective proteins of other herpesviruses of 37.5% and 45.5% to 31.8%, respectively, was identified. A number of distinct transcriptional consensus sequences were found upstream of the first putative start codon of MDV2 UL10 protein. In transcriptional analysis, the gene was transcribed into an 1.5 kb RNA. The primary translation product comprises 424 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 46.9 kDa. The predicted MDV2 UL10 protein contains eight hydrophobic domains with sufficient length and hydrophobicity to span the lipid bilayer conserved in the genomes of all herpesviruses which have been sequenced so far. In the region located between the first and second hydrophobic domains, two potential N-linked glycosylation sites were presented. Interestingly, highly charged residues were abundantly possessed in the carboxy-terminal part of the MDV2 UL10 protein. By comparison of the amino acid sequence of the MDV2 UL10 gene with the homologues from other herpesviruses, the data might contribute for further evidence of the evolution of herpesviruses from a common progenitor and an ancient example of MDV2 belonging to the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily. In addition, the existence of corresponding genes in human, mammalian, and avian herpesvirus genomes, suggests indirectly an important role for gM in the natural life cycle of the virus.-KEY WORDS: gM, MDV, MDV2, UL10.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 61(5): 503-511,1999 throughout the Herpesviridae family, including homologues of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) gB, gH, gL, and gM, and so far, others, such as gC, gD, gE, gG, gI and gK, are found only in the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily [39].

“…The MDV2 genome differs in restriction endonuclease digestion patterns from those of either MDV1 or HVT [10,25,30]. However, information about the genomic analysis of MDV2 is limited and only the genes encoding for glycoproteins gB (SB-1 strain) [34], gC [17], gD [15], gE [13], gH [28], gI [14], and thymidine kinase, UL24 [29], UL25, UL26, UL26.5 [16] homologous to HSV-1, and MDV unique phosphoprotein pp38 [22] have been reported. It is conceivable that the comparison of biological and molecular biological aspects of a virulent MDV1 with those of nonpathogenic MDV strains would provide insight into the mechanisms by which MDV causes tumors in chickens.…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification of the Marek’s Disease Virus Serotype 2 Genes Homologous to the Glycoprotein B (UL27), ICP18.5 (UL28) and Major DNA-Binding Protein (UL29) Genes of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Kato

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

et al. 1999

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ABSTRACT. We determined the nucleotide sequence of non-pathogenic Marek's disease virus serotype 2 (MDV2) strain HPRS24 glycoprotein B (gB) (UL27), ICP18.5 (UL28) and major DNA-binding protein (MDBP) (UL29) genes homologous to herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). The sequence data revealed that important motives in the proteins are conserved in MDV2 ICP18.5 and MDBP, however the sequence of viral DNA replication origin which exists in the regions between the UL29 and UL30 genes of other alphaherpesviruses was not found in the regions of the MDV2 genome. By northern blot analyses, we also demonstrated that 8.9, 5.0 and 2.6 kb transcripts were actually transcribed from the sequenced region in MDV2-infected cells. 1B) were then deleted by exonuclease III to construct deletion clones. After that DNA sequences were determined on both strands using an autosequencer system (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). DNA and amino acid sequences were analyzed with the computer program GENETYX-MAC (version 8.0). Homology searches and multiple sequence alignments from the GenBank and EMBL Data Libraries were performed using the UWGCG programs BESTFIT and PILEUP, respectively. The nucleotide sequences of the MDV2 UL27, UL28 and UL29 homologues have been submitted to the DDBJ, EMBL and GenBank Databanks with the Accession No. AB024711.The location of the MDV2 (HPRS24 strain) UL27, UL28 and UL29 homologues in virus genome, pertinent restriction endonuclease sites are illustrated in Fig. 1. We determined the nucleotide sequence of a total of 9,650 bp containing the putative sequences of MDV2 UL27, UL28 and UL29 homologues of the HSV-1 gene (Fig. 1C).To find out whether transcripts are really transcribed from the domain of MDV2 genome containing the identified genes of MDV2 UL27, UL28, and UL29, northern blot analyses were performed using the different probes. The maintenance of primary chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) and infection of CEF with MDV2 strain HPRS24 were performed as described previously [14]. To isolate total RNA, monolayers were harvested at 96 hr postinfection and treated with 0.05% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in phosphate-buffered saline. Total RNAs were extracted from these lysates by ISOGEN (Nippon Gene, Tokyo, Japan). Total RNA was separated on an agarose formaldehyde-gel Marek's disease virus (MDV) is a cell-associated alphaherpesvirus of poultry and causes a naturally occurring malignant T cell lymphoma in chickens. The virus is divided into three serotypes.They belong to alphaherpesviruses, based on their genomic structures and arrangements [4,11,21]. The disease can be prevented by vaccination with attenuated MDV serotype 1 (MDV1), nonpathogenic MDV serotype 2 (MDV2) or herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) known as a MDV serotype 3 (MDV3). The MDV2 genome differs in restriction endonuclease digestion patterns from those of either MDV1 or HVT [10,25,30]. However, information about the genomic analysis of MDV2 is limited and only the genes encoding for glycoproteins gB (SB-1 strain) [34] [22] have been reported....