Nucleotide sequence of the erythromycin resistance gene of the conjugative transposon Tn1545

Trieu-Cuot, Patrick; Poyart-Salmeron, C.; Carlier, C; Courvalin, Patrice

doi:10.1093/nar/18.12.3660

Cited by 148 publications

(99 citation statements)

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“…Three ML resistance genes, erm(A) (Seppälä et al, 1998), erm(B) (Trieu-Cuot et al, 1990) and mef(A) (Clancy et al, 1996;Tait-Kamradt et al, 1997), were identified by PCR, as described previously (Wajima et al, 2008). Isolates with the erm(A) gene show an inducible ML/lincosamide/streptogramin B resistance phenotype, whilst strains with the erm(B) gene show a constitutive ML/ lincosamide/streptogramin B resistance phenotype arising from methylation of 23S rRNA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular emm genotyping and antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis isolated from invasive and non-invasive infections

Sunaoshi

Murayama

Adachi

et al. 2010

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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To analyse the characteristics of infections caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis, clinical isolates (n5145) were collected at 11 medical institutions between September 2003 and October 2005. These isolates belonged to Lancefield group A (n55), group C (n518) or group G (n5122). Among all isolates, 42 strains were isolated from sterile samples such as blood, synovial fluid and tissue specimens from patients who were mostly over 50 years with invasive infections, and included seven cases of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis. In contrast, the remaining 103 were isolated mainly from patients of all age groups with non-invasive infections such as pharyngotonsillitis. These isolates were classified into 25 types based on emm genotyping. A significant difference in emm types was observed between isolates from invasive and non-invasive infections (P,0.001): stG485, stG6792 and stG2078 predominated among isolates from invasive infections. A phylogenetic tree of complete open reading frames of emm genes in this organism showed high homology with those of Streptococcus pyogenes, but not with those of other streptococci. The presence of five different clones was estimated based on DNA profiles of isolates from invasive infections obtained by PFGE. Genes for resistance to macrolides [erm(A), three isolates; erm(B), five isolates; mef(A), seven isolates] and levofloxacin (mutations in gyrA and parC, four isolates) were identified in this organism. These results suggest the need for further nationwide surveillance of invasive infections caused by S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis. INTRODUCTIONMost b-haemolytic streptococcal pathogens isolated from humans are identified as Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococci; GAS), Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococci; GBS), Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis and species of the anginosus group that belong to Lancefield groups A, B, C, G or F (Facklam, 2002;Ruoff et al., 2003). In contrast to GAS and GBS, which are known to cause serious and systemic invasive infections, streptococci with Lancefield group C or G antigens were long considered to be commensal organisms that only rarely caused invasive infections as opportunistic pathogens.In 1996, S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis was proposed as a new streptococcal taxon (Vandamme et al., 1996). Although rare, S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis strains having group A antigen rather than group C or G antigen have also been reported (Bert & Lambert-Zechovsky, 1997;Brandt et al., 1999;Katsukawa et al., 2002 Notably, S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis possesses many virulence factors shared with GAS, such as M protein (Fischetti, 1989; Schnitzler et al., 1995), streptolysin O (Gerlach et al., 1993Okumura et al., 1994), streptolysin S (Humar et al., 2002 and streptokinase (Walter et al., 1989;Ikebe et al., 2004). It has been suggested that these factors were transmitted from GAS to this species (Kalia et al., 2001).In the present report, we have described S. dysgalactiae ...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular emm genotyping and antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis isolated from invasive and non-invasive infections

Sunaoshi

Murayama

Adachi

et al. 2010

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…The genes encoding slrA (accession number spr0679) and ppmA (accession number spr0884) were deleted from the parental strains D39 and NCTC10319 by inframe insertion deletion mutagenesis using the resistance cassettes ermAM (32), and dfr13 (33), encoding resistance to erythromycin and trimethoprim, respectively. SlrA and ppmA with 1000 bp of upstream and downstream flanking sequences were amplified from chromosomal DNA from the D39 strain.…”

Section: Construction Of Pneumococcal Mutants-mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Streptococcal Lipoprotein Rotamase A (SlrA) Is a Functional Peptidyl-prolyl Isomerase Involved in Pneumococcal Colonization

Hermans¹,

Adrian

Albert

et al. 2006

Journal of Biological Chemistry

109

119

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Streptococcus pneumoniae expresses two surface-exposed lipoproteins, PpmA and SlrA, which share homology with distinct families of peptidyl-prolyl isomerases (PPIases). In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that the lipoprotein cyclophilin, SlrA, can catalyze the cis-trans isomerization of proline containing tetrapeptides and that SlrA contributes to pneumococcal colonization. The substrate specificity of SlrA is typical for prokaryotic and eukaryotic cyclophilins, with Suc-Ala-AlaPro-Phe-p-nitroanilide (pNA) being the most rapidly catalyzed substrate. In a mouse pneumonia model the slrA knock-out D39⌬slrA did not cause significant differences in the survival times of mice compared with the isogenic wild-type strain. In contrast, a detailed analysis of bacterial outgrowth over time in the nasopharynx, airways, lungs, blood, and spleen showed a rapid elimination of slrA mutants from the upper airways but did not reveal significant differences in the lungs, blood, and spleen. These results suggested that SlrA is involved in colonization but does not contribute significantly to invasive pneumococcal disease. In cell culture infection experiments, the absence of SlrA impaired adherence to pneumococcal disease-specific epithelial and endothelial non-professional cell lines. Adherence of the slrA mutant could not be restored by exogenously added SlrA. Strikingly, deficiency in SlrA did not reduce binding activity to host target proteins, but resulted in enhanced uptake by professional phagocytes. In conclusion, SlrA is a functional, cyclophilin-type PPIase and contributes to pneumococcal virulence in the first stage of infection, namely, colonization of the upper airways, most likely by modulating the biological function of important virulence proteins. Peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerases (PPIases)6 are ubiquitous foldases, which accelerate the rate-limiting cis-trans or trans-cis conformational changes at Xaa-Pro bonds during protein folding in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. There are three distinct families within the enzyme class of PPIases (EC 5.2.1.8): the cyclophilins, which bind the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A, the FK506-binding proteins, and the parvulins. The classical PPIase such as rotamase A of Escherichia coli is a member of the cyclophilin family (1, 2). The FK506-binding proteins all have high affinity for the immunosuppressant drug FK506 (3, 4). The ubiquitous bacterial trigger factor (5, 6) and the macrophage infectivity potentiator (Mip) protein of Legionella pneumophila (7) belong to the FK506-binding proteins. The parvulin family resembles enzymes such as parvulin, SurA, and PrsA. The E. coli parvulin 10 with its 92 amino acids is one of the smallest known PPIase enzymes and represents the prototype of this family (8). SurA contributes to the assembly of outer membrane proteins in Gram-negative bacteria (9). PrsA is considered to be involved in enzyme secretion and activation in Gram-positive bacteria (10 -12).Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) is a frequent colonizer of...

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“…For amplification of tetO, the primers 59-GGCACAGACCCGTA TACTGTT-39 (positions 442-462) and 59-TTAAAAGAGGGTCGC CATCTG-39 (positions 1230-1250) were used (Widdowson et al, 1996;Widdowson & Klugman, 1998). For detection of erm and mef, primers described by Trieu-Cuot et al (1990) and by Tait-Kamradt et al (1997) with the sequences (erm) 59-CGAGTGAAAAAGTACTCAACC-39 (positions 362-382) and 59-GGCGTGTTTCATTGCTTGATG-39 921 (99·7) 46 (100) 61 (6·6) 13 ( …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of German penicillin non-susceptible serotype 23F pneumococci using multilocus sequence typing

Reinert

Muckel

Al‐Lahham

et al. 2003

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Three nationwide multicentre studies (n ¼ 5071) showed an increase in antibiotic resistance in pneumococci in Germany. Serotype 23F was the predominant serotype (n ¼ 45, 22·4 %), followed by 6B (n ¼ 30, 14·9 %) and 9V (n ¼ 19, 9·5 %). Multilocus sequence typing was used to characterize 45 serotype 23F strains with reduced penicillin susceptibility. The Spanish 23F -1 clone [profile 4-4-2-4-4-1-1, sequence type (ST) 81] contributes significantly to the emergence of penicillin resistance in Germany (n ¼ 21, 46·7 % of all penicillin non-susceptible serotype 23F isolates). Isolates of ST 277 (profile 7-13-8-6-6-12-8), which has been found previously in the Netherlands, are also observed, particularly in western Germany (n ¼ 8, 17·8 %). A high proportion of strains (n ¼ 11, 24·4 %) have sequence types that have not been reported to date from other countries (STs 353-362). The major penicillin-resistant clones are present in Germany, a country with relatively low levels of â-lactam resistance.

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Nucleotide sequence of the erythromycin resistance gene of the conjugative transposon Tn1545

Cited by 148 publications

References 5 publications

Molecular emm genotyping and antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis isolated from invasive and non-invasive infections

Molecular emm genotyping and antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis isolated from invasive and non-invasive infections

The Streptococcal Lipoprotein Rotamase A (SlrA) Is a Functional Peptidyl-prolyl Isomerase Involved in Pneumococcal Colonization

Characterization of German penicillin non-susceptible serotype 23F pneumococci using multilocus sequence typing

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