Nucleotide sequence of avian carcinoma virus MH2: two potential onc genes, one related to avian virus MC29 and the other related to murine sarcoma virus 3611.

Abstract

Agag is a partial retroviral core protein gene, mht and myc are cell-derived MH2-specific sequences, and c is the 3'-terminal retroviral vector sequence. Here we have determined the nucleotide sequence of 3.5 kb from the 3' end of Agag to the 3' end of molecularly cloned proviral MH2 DNA, in order to elucidate the genetic structure of the virus and to compare it with other mht-and myc-containing oncogenic viruses as well as with the chicken proto-myc gene. The following results were obtained: (i) Agag-mht forms a hybrid gene with a contiguous

Features of the pp60v-src carboxyl terminus that are required for transformation.

“…Our data do not indicate whether strict conservation of this residue is required for stability or whether replacement with other hydrophobic residues might preserve protein stability and activity. For (39), Xenopus c-src (54), Drosophila src and ash (20), v-src (11,46,58), v-fqr (36), v-yes (26), v-ros (37), v-fps (52), v-fes (19), v-fms (18), c-fms (9), v-mil (v-mht) (25,56), v-raf(32), IskT (tck) (33,63), human insulin receptor (61), v-mos (62), human epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (12,61), c-erbB-2 (67), v-erbB (66), neu (2), and v-abl (44). The chicken c-src, v-src, v-fgr, v-yes, v-ros, v-fps, v-fes, v-abl, human EGF receptor, and v-erbB sequences were aligned as in Hunter and Cooper (21).…”

What retroviruses teach us about the involvement of c-Myc in leukemias and lymphomas

“…1 The transduction of c-Myc also has been observed in other retroviruses. [2][3][4] C-Myc has an N-terminal transactivation domain 5,6 and two C-terminal domains consisting of a basic helix-loop-helix domain for DNA binding, followed by a leucine zipper region necessary for dimerization ( Figure 1). [7][8][9] Increased expression of this transcription factor is a common event during induction of leukemias and lymphomas in several species, including humans.…”

Isolation of chicken cellular DNA sequences with homology to the region of viral oncogenes that encodes the tyrosine kinase domain.

“…Other viral oncogenes that do not possess a tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity also share amino acid homology with the tyrosine kinase genes. Among these are mos of Moloney murine sarcoma virus (33, 44), rel of reticuloendotheliosis virus (41), and mil of MH2 (22,42). In addition to the viral oncogenes that have been characterized, other proteins have been isolated that possess tyrosine kinase activity.…”

“…The sequences have been aligned to give the maximum homology with other genes sharing homology in this region as previously described (19,31). The sequences used for comparison are as follows: thefps gene of Fujinami sarcoma virus (37), the ros gene of UR2 avian sarcoma virus (31), the yes gene of Y73 avian sarcoma virus (24), the src gene of the Pr-C strain of Rous sarcoma virus (36), the erb-B gene of avian erythroblastosis virus (49), the mil gene of MH2 avian carcinoma virus (22,42), thefgr gene of Gardner-Rasheed feline sarcoma virus (28), thefms gene of Susan McDonough feline sarcoma virus (16), the abl gene of Abelson murine leukemia virus (34), the mos gene of Moloney murine leukemia virus (33,44), the insulin receptor (Ins R) (10,43), and the bovine cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (Bov-PK) (39). Boxes have been drawn around the highly conserved regions.…”