Nucleotide sequence of a cluster of early and late genes in a conserved segment of the vaccinia virus genome

Płucienniczak, Andrzej; Schroeder, E.; Zettlmeissl, Gerd; Streeck, Rolf E.

doi:10.1093/nar/13.3.985

Cited by 85 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…In vaccinia virus this conserved region encodes a set of mainly late genes (Plucienniczak et al, 1985) and many of the FPV sequences 5' to the ORFs closely resemble the consensus sequence AA AA rr TAAAT~ which has been proposed for vaccinia virus late promoters (Hanggi et al, 1986). A comparison of the probable promoter sequences present 5' to the genes in FPV and vaccinia virus is presented in Fig.…”

Section: Identification Of the Conserved Regionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The conservation of ORFs FP1 to FP9 in FPV suggests that these proteins are translated in both FPV and vaccinia virus. Plucienniczak et al (1985) reported homologies between F2 and variable surface glycoprotein 3 of Trypanosoma brueei, F4 and VP2 of foot-and-mouth disease virus and VP1 of poliovirus, and F9 with anthranilate synthase from E. coli and Neurospora erassa. All of the FPV ORFs have been compared with the National Biomedical Research Foundation databases using FASTP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clone MFP393 showed homology with the Fll gene of vaccinia virus described by Plucienniczak et al (1985) and clone MFP432 with the F9 gene. This was of interest because F9 is the gene next to the TK gene in vaccinia virus.…”

Section: Identification Of the Conserved Regionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…1 shows that another gene, FP0, can be added to this tightly packed gene cluster; this gene again has a typical late promoter sequence 5' to its coding region. In addition the sequence of the amino end of the FP 1 gene, which was not included in the vaccinia virus sequence (Plucienniczak et al, 1985), is presented and this is also preceded by a late promoter (see Fig. 3).…”

Section: Identification Of the Conserved Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of a Conserved Region in Fowlpox Virus and Vaccinia Virus Genomes and the Translocation of the Fowlpox Virus Thymidine Kinase Gene

Binns¹,

Tomley²,

Campbell³

et al. 1988

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYThe DNA sequence of a clustered set of genes which are conserved in orthopoxviruses has been determined for the avipoxvirus, fowlpox virus. The arrangement of the genes in fowlpox virus is nearly identical to that in vaccinia virus, and genes which are overlapping in vaccinia virus overlap in fowlpox virus. One major difference exists however, as the thymidine kinase (TK) gene is absent in fowlpox virus from the position it occupies within this cluster of genes in vaccinia virus. Instead, in fowlpox virus there is a 32 bp non-coding region present between the genes that flank the TK gene in vaccinia virus. The fowlpox virus TK gene has been cloned and sequenced. The sequences immediately flanking the TK gene show no homology to any previously reported poxvirus gene. These results are discussed in terms of genome stability in poxviruses and the use of the TK gene as a non-essential region for the introduction of foreign genes into poxviruses.

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Section: Identification Of the Conserved Regionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identification Of the Conserved Regionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Identification Of the Conserved Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparison of a Conserved Region in Fowlpox Virus and Vaccinia Virus Genomes and the Translocation of the Fowlpox Virus Thymidine Kinase Gene

Binns¹,

Tomley²,

Campbell³

et al. 1988

Journal of General Virology

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“…After the construction of restriction maps (Wittek et al, 1977;Mackett & Archard, 1979) and the cloning of individual restriction fragments (Wittek et al, 1980;Belle Isle et al, 1981), the 186kb genome of the laboratory strain of vaccinia virus (Western Reserve, WR) has been studied in detail. The structure of the terminal hairpins has been determined and the complete sequence of several of the viral HindIII restriction fragments and many individual genes have been reported from WR and other strains of virus (Ahn et al, 1990;Amegadzie et al, 1991;Baldick & Moss, 1987;Boursnell et al, 1988;Bertholet et al,, 1985;Broyles & Moss, 1986;Earl et al, 1986;Gillard et al, 1986;Gordon et al, 1988;Hirt et al, 1986;Howard & Smith, 1989;Howard et al, 1991 ;Jin et al, 1989;Kotwal & Moss, 1988aNiles et al, 1986;Plucienniczak et al, 1985;Rodriguez et al, 1986;Rodriguez & Esteban, 1987;Rosel et al, 1986;Rosel & Moss, 1985;Roseman & Hruby, 1987;Roseman & Slabaugh, 1990;Schmitt & Stunnenberg, 1989;Slabaugh & Roseman, 1989;Slabaugh et al, 1988;Shida, 1986;Smith et al, 1989a, b, c;Smith & Chan, 1991;Tamin et al, 1988;Tengelsen et al, 1988;Traktman et al, 1989;Tsoa et al, 1986;…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleotide sequence of 42 kbp of vaccinia virus strain WR from near the right inverted terminal repeat

Smith

Chan

Howard

1991

Journal of General Virology

155

107

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The nucleotide sequence of 42 090 bp of vaccinia virus strain WR is presented. The sequence includes the SalI L, F, G and I fragments and starts near the centre of the HindIII A fragment and extends rightwards towards the genomic terminus, finishing approximately 0-5 kb internal of the inverted terminal repeat (ITR). Translation of this region has identified 65 open reading frames (ORFs) of greater than 65 amino acids in length. Fifty-one of these which do not extensively overlap other larger ORFs have been subjected to further analysis; the other 14 are termed minor ORFs. In the rightmost 28.7 kb, the genes are, with one exception, transcribed towards the genomic terminus, similar to the arrangement of genes at the left end of the virus genome. Internal of this region the genes are expressed off either DNA strand but still predominately rightwards. ORFs are tightly packed with few intergenic non-coding regions of greater than 250 bp. Protein sequence comparisons have established a remarkably high number of homologies with entries in existing protein databases. Of these, DNA ligase, thymidylate kinase, two serine-threonine protein kinases, two serine proteinase inhibitors (serpins), two interleukin-1 receptor homologues and a discontinuous ORF related to tumour necrosis factor receptor have been reported. Other homologies include lectins, profilin, 3fl-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, guanylate kinase, ankyrin and complement factor H. In addition, there are a number of polypeptides with predicted properties of membraneassociated, secretory or glyco-proteins. Twelve gene families are described here and elsewhere. There is considerable similarity between genes from the right and left end of the virus genome that may have arisen by terminal transposition events. Several differences from the corresponding region of vaccinia virus strain Copenhagen sequence are noted. Near the right terminus the sequences diverge completely, and internal of this there are multiple examples of deletion of short sequences (eight to 10 nucleotides) that lie within penta-or hexanucleotide direct repeats.

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Temporal regulation of influenza hemagglutinin expression in vaccinia virus recombinants and effects on the immune response

et al. 1986

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Regulation of the expression of influenza A/PR/8/34 hemagglutinin (HA) by the vaccinia virus promoters PF (early), P7.5 (early and late) and PL11 (late) has been demonstrated using HA-vaccinia recombinant viruses VV-PR8-HA3, VV-PR8-HA6 and VV-PR8-HA, respectively. Levels of HA on the surface of VV-PR8-HA3 (PF)-infected cells were lower than with either VV-PR8-HA6 (P7.5) or VV-PR8-HA8 (PL11). Expression of HA under the control of the late promoter PL11 was inhibited in the absence of DNA replication. All three recombinant viruses stimulated a specific antibody response in mice which was dependent on the presence of infectious virus. Recognition of HA by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) was assessed by the ability of the viruses to stimulate naive precursors in vivo, to restimulate primed CTL in vitro and by target cell recognition. HA expressed under the control of either of the promoters with early function (PF or P7.5) was recognized by CTL when VV-PR8-HA3 or VV-PR8-HA6 were used to prime or restimulate splenocytes or to infect target cells. On the other hand, HA expressed by VV-PR8-HA8 (PL11) failed to prime for a CTL response in naive CBA/H mice, was ineffective at restimulation of primed splenocytes and failed to produce target cells for recognition by specific CTL. However, in BALB/c mice VV-PR8-HA8 did prime for a specific CTL response. These studies show that HA synthesized early in infection was recognized by both B and T cells while HA expressed after DNA replication was not generally recognized by T cells. The implications of the observations with the late promoter with respect to the use of late promoters in potential vaccinia virus-based vaccines are considered.

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Nucleotide sequence of a cluster of early and late genes in a conserved segment of the vaccinia virus genome

Cited by 85 publications

References 18 publications

Comparison of a Conserved Region in Fowlpox Virus and Vaccinia Virus Genomes and the Translocation of the Fowlpox Virus Thymidine Kinase Gene

Comparison of a Conserved Region in Fowlpox Virus and Vaccinia Virus Genomes and the Translocation of the Fowlpox Virus Thymidine Kinase Gene

Nucleotide sequence of 42 kbp of vaccinia virus strain WR from near the right inverted terminal repeat

Temporal regulation of influenza hemagglutinin expression in vaccinia virus recombinants and effects on the immune response

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