Nucleotide Sequence and Transcription Map of Porcine Adenovirus Type 3

Abstract

The complete nucleotide sequence of porcine adenovirus type 3 was determined and a transcriptional map for the genome was constructed. The size of the genome is 34094 bp in length with an unusually high G + C content (63.7%), the highest thus far reported for any adenovirus. Overall organization of the genome is similar to that for previously sequenced adenoviral DNAs, but there also were distinct differences. The late regions genes are organized into six families, instead of five as they are in human adenovirus type 2. In contrast to bovine adenovirus type 3 and ovine adenovirus, which lack virion-associated RNA genes, the nucleotide sequence analysis of the viral genome indicates that it encodes one short VA RNA species. With the exception of the fiber and a 33-kDa nonstructural protein, the predicted amino acid sequences of the open reading frames in the late regions and the E2 region and IVa2 exhibited a high level of homology, whereas the deduced amino acid sequences of ORFs in E1, E3, and E4 regions, and the pIX showed a lesser homology with the corresponding proteins of other adenoviruses. The proteins V, VII, and IX are unusually long, and the protein VII lacks the consensus protease cleavage site. Genomic and cDNA sequence analysis has identified promoters, cap sites, intron-exon boundaries, polyadenylation signals, and polyadenylation sites in the viral genome.

Mucosal immunization of calves with recombinant bovine adenovirus-3: induction of protective immunity to bovine herpesvirus-1.

“…As non-human adenoviruses are species specific, the development of animal-specific adenovirus would be a logical choice. Recently, we reported the construction and characterization of replication-competent recombinant BAV-3 expressing BHV-1 gD or gDt (Zakhartchouk et al, 1998). In this report, we investigated the potential of intranasal immunization with recombinant BAV-3 for inducing protective immune responses against BHV-1 challenge.…”

“…The construction of recombinant BAV3.E3d, BAV3.E3gD and BAV3.E3gDt has been described previously (Zakhartchouk et al, 1998). Briefly, recombinant BAV3.E3d contains a 1n245 kb deletion in the E3 region (Zakhartchouk et al, 1998).…”

“…The construction of recombinant BAV3.E3d, BAV3.E3gD and BAV3.E3gDt has been described previously (Zakhartchouk et al, 1998). Briefly, recombinant BAV3.E3d contains a 1n245 kb deletion in the E3 region (Zakhartchouk et al, 1998). The recombinant BAV3.E3gD and BAV3.E3gDt contain genes encoding the full-length (Tikoo et al, 1990) and truncated form (Tikoo et al, 1993) of BHV-1 gD, respectively.…”

“…We have previously constructed a replication-competent BAV-3 expressing full-length and truncated forms of BHV-1 gD, and showed that intranasal immunization of cotton rats with these recombinant viruses induces both gD-specific mucosal and systemic immune responses (Zakhartchouk et al, 1998). In this report, we describe the usefulness of recombinant BAV-3 in the induction of antigen-specific protective immune responses when administered intranasally in calves (the natural host).…”

“…Analysis of the complete DNA sequence of BAV-3 suggested that the size and overall organization of the BAV-3 genome was similar to human adenovirus-5 (HAV-5) except for a few differences (Reddy et al, 1998). To facilitate the development of BAV-3 as a vector, we recently constructed a replication-competent BAV-3 in which 1n245 kb of the E3 region was deleted (Zakhartchouk et al, 1998).…”