Nucleotide Sequence and Biological Properties of a Pathogenic Proviral Molecular Clone of Neurovirulent Visna Virus

Andrésson, Ólafur S.; Elser, John E.; Tobin, Gregory J.; Greenwood, John D.; Gonda, Matthew A.; Georgsson, Guðmundur; Andrésdóttir, Valgerður; Benediktsdóttir, E.; Carlsdóttir, Helga María; Mäntylä, Einar; Rafnar, Björg; Pálsson, Páll A.; Casey, James W.; Pétursson, Gudmundur

doi:10.1006/viro.1993.1106

Cited by 76 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…GenBank accession numbers: M14149 (Hess et al, 1986), L06906 (Braun et al, 1987), NC 001511 , NC 001463 (Saltarelli et al, 1990), S51392 (Sargan et al, 1993), S55323 (Andresson et al, 1993), X64109 (Kalinsky et al, 1994), AF322109 (Gjerset et al, 2000), AF425672 (Extramiana et al, 2001), AF479638 (Barros and Fevereiro, 2002) and AY101611 (Hotzel and Cheevers, 2002).…”

Section: Oligonucleotides For Pcr-primingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific detection of small ruminant lentiviral nucleic acid sequences located in the proviral long terminal repeat and leader-gag regions using real-time polymerase chain reaction

Brinkhof

Maanen

Wigger

et al. 2008

Journal of Virological Methods

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Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection of proviral nucleic acid sequences of small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) in blood samples was developed and evaluated.Priming oligonucleotides were designed on the highly conserved 5 untranslated leader-gag region while those on the long terminal repeat (LTR) assay were derived from literature. DNA was extracted from the buffycoat interlayer of centrifuged blood samples. Real-time PCR was performed by means of LightCycler technology (Roche Applied Science) using melting temperature analysis (SYBR Green I) for detection. Results were compared with those of serology using samples from Dutch sheep and goat flocks with known SRLV statuses, with sequential samples from a natural transmission experiment and samples from different regions in Norway, France, Spain and Italy.Real-time PCR testing, especially the application of oligonucleotides for priming the leader-gag region appeared promising in detecting SRLV specific proviral DNA in blood samples from both sheep and goats.

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Section: Oligonucleotides For Pcr-primingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific detection of small ruminant lentiviral nucleic acid sequences located in the proviral long terminal repeat and leader-gag regions using real-time polymerase chain reaction

Brinkhof

Maanen

Wigger

et al. 2008

Journal of Virological Methods

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“…An early, strong NtAb response has been linked to reduced CNS pathology after infection of sheep with VMV [55], and neutralization escape mutants do arise in persistently infected animals [56] and [57]. However, there is mounting evidence that neutralization by antibody may not be important in controlling SRLV infections [58] and [59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of B7 costimulatory molecules as adjuvants in a prime-boost vaccination against Visna/Maedi ovine lentivirus

Andrés

Reina

Ciriza

et al. 2009

Vaccine

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RNA transcripts of the B7 family molecule (CD80) are diminished in blood leukocytes from animals clinically affected with Visna/Maedi virus (VMV) infection. This work investigates whether the use of B7 genes enhances immune responses and protection in immunization--challenge approaches. Sheep were primed by particle--mediated epidermal bombardment with VMV gag and env gene recombinant plasmids together with plasmids encoding both CD80 and CD86 or CD80 alone, boosted with gag and env gene recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara virus and challenged intratracheally with VMV. Immunization in the presence of one or both of the B7 genes resulted in CD4+ T cell activation and antibody production (before and after challenge, respectively), but only immunization with CD80 and CD86 genes together, and not CD80 alone, resulted in a reduced number of infected animals and increased early transient cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) responses. Post--mortem analysis showed an immune activation of lymphoid tissue in challenge--target organs in those animals that had received B7 genes compared to unvaccinated animals. Thus, the inclusion of B7 genes helped to enhance early cellular responses and protection (diminished proportion of infected animals) against VMV infection.

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“…Visna virus strain KV1772, which is a biological clone with increased neurovirulence (Andrésson et al, 1993), was used for inoculation of lambs and antibody assays. Sheep choroid plexus cell (SCPC) monolayer cultures were used for preparation of virus stocks, virus titrations and neutralization tests.…”

Section: Virus and Cell Culturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Visna Virus Infection in Lambs with the Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonate Analogue 9-(2-Phosphonylmethoxyethyl)Adenine (PMEA)

Thormar

Georgsson

Gunnarsson

et al. 1998

Antivir Chem Chemother

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Nucleoside and nucleotide analogues, which are inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase, are highly active inhibitors of visna virus replication in cell cultures. One such analogue, the acyclic nucleoside phosphonate PMEA, has also been found to have a prophylactic effect on visna virus infection in lambs. In the present study, lambs were injected subcutaneously with 10 mg/kg PMEA three times a week starting 4 weeks after inoculation with visna virus, when brain infection had been established. After 3 weeks of treatment there was a reduction in the amount of virus isolated from blood cells of PMEA-treated lambs compared to controls and during the remaining 7 months of drug treatmentthere was significantly less virus isolated from the blood cells of treated lambs than of controls. Antibody response against visna virus was also slower in the treated than in the untreated control group. On the other hand, there was no difference in the amount of virus isolated from various organs of the two groups and the severity of CNS lesions in sheep treated with PMEA for 8 months was comparable to that found in untreated controls, even though PMEA reached concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid which were well in excess of the EC50 value of the drug for visna virus.

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Nucleotide Sequence and Biological Properties of a Pathogenic Proviral Molecular Clone of Neurovirulent Visna Virus

Cited by 76 publications

References 0 publications

Specific detection of small ruminant lentiviral nucleic acid sequences located in the proviral long terminal repeat and leader-gag regions using real-time polymerase chain reaction

Specific detection of small ruminant lentiviral nucleic acid sequences located in the proviral long terminal repeat and leader-gag regions using real-time polymerase chain reaction

Use of B7 costimulatory molecules as adjuvants in a prime-boost vaccination against Visna/Maedi ovine lentivirus

Treatment of Visna Virus Infection in Lambs with the Acyclic Nucleoside Phosphonate Analogue 9-(2-Phosphonylmethoxyethyl)Adenine (PMEA)

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