Condensation of aromatic (heteroaromatic) aldehydes with 1,3 dicarbonyl com pounds under the 1 butyl 3 methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim][BF 4 ]) ionic liq uid-piperidinium acetate catalytic system (0.2 equiv. of each component) in the absence of a solvent affords, depending on the structures of the reagents, 2 arylidene derivatives of methyl acetoacetate and acetylacetone, diethyl 2,4 bis(trifluoroacetyl) 3 phenylpentanedioate, or di methyl 2 aryl 4 hydroxy 6 oxocyclohexane 1,3 dicarboxylates. The reactions of the resulting 2 arylidene derivatives with O methylisourea in the [Bmim] [BF 4 ] ionic liquid produced me thyl 2 methoxy 4 methyl 6 aryldihydropyrimidine 5 carboxylates and 1 (2 methoxy 4 me thyl 6 phenyldihydropyrimidin 5 yl)ethanone (mixtures of 3,6 and 1,6 dihydro isomers), which were transformed into the corresponding 3,4 dihydropyrimidin 2(1H ) one derivatives.
Condensation of aromatic (heteroaromatic) aldehydes with 1,3 dicarbonyl com pounds under the 1 butyl 3 methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Bmim][BF 4 ]) ionic liq uid-piperidinium acetate catalytic system (0.2 equiv. of each component) in the absence of a solvent affords, depending on the structures of the reagents, 2 arylidene derivatives of methyl acetoacetate and acetylacetone, diethyl 2,4 bis(trifluoroacetyl) 3 phenylpentanedioate, or di methyl 2 aryl 4 hydroxy 6 oxocyclohexane 1,3 dicarboxylates. The reactions of the resulting 2 arylidene derivatives with O methylisourea in the [Bmim] [BF 4 ] ionic liquid produced me thyl 2 methoxy 4 methyl 6 aryldihydropyrimidine 5 carboxylates and 1 (2 methoxy 4 me thyl 6 phenyldihydropyrimidin 5 yl)ethanone (mixtures of 3,6 and 1,6 dihydro isomers), which were transformed into the corresponding 3,4 dihydropyrimidin 2(1H ) one derivatives.
“…Nucleophilic additions to conjugated unsaturated systems have been the subject of numerous studies and have been comprehensively reviewed . The influence of the nature of the nucleophile, temperature, and additives on the mode of the reaction (1,2- or 1,4-addition) has been of major interest.…”
Lithiation of aliphatic 1-acylbenzotriazoles with subsequent reaction with alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones and aldehydes affords either 3,4,6-trisubstituted 3,4-dihydropyran-2-ones or 1,3-dienes depending on the carbonyl reagent used. Substituent effects on product yield and isomer ratio are discussed.
“…Consequently, with all things being equal, localization of the charge at the nucleophilic group and decreasing of the HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) energy favor addition of the nucleophile to the carbonyl group. On the other hand, increasing of the charge delocalization and increasing of the HOMO energy causes orbital control of the 1,4-addition [14,17].…”
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